#: locale=en
## Action
### URL
LinkBehaviour_536E1AC6_23B4_611D_41B3_DA065CD639CD.source = https://nationalmaglab.org/about-the-maglab/organization/internet-privacy-policy/
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## E-Learning
### Qualification
calification_10488F5F_2C09_8CF7_41C2_2759BBDD35FD.text = You got this!
calification_36729113_2C09_948F_4167_E0298BAC59EA.text = You're almost there!
calification_35DFF691_2C09_9D8B_417F_05E629880DEA.text = You're half way!
calification_376E3E91_2C0A_8D88_41A1_738A90066BA1.text = You’re a MagLab science sleuth!
calification_3583DBFF_2C16_8B77_41A7_9A6B275D490C.text = You’ve found one of the bitter disks on the scavenger hunt!
### Question Screen
quizQuestion_347F318D_2C0B_9793_41B9_C001B4204FA6.ok = OK
### Report Screen
quizScore_3481218D_2C0B_9793_4161_C3259FD95D68.title = - SCORE -
quizScore_3481218D_2C0B_9793_4161_C3259FD95D68.completion = Completed
quizScore_3481218D_2C0B_9793_4161_C3259FD95D68.questionsCorrect = Correct
quizScore_3481218D_2C0B_9793_4161_C3259FD95D68.downloadCSV = Download .csv
quizScore_3481218D_2C0B_9793_4161_C3259FD95D68.questionsIncorrect = Incorrect
quizScore_3481218D_2C0B_9793_4161_C3259FD95D68.items = Items Found
quizScore_3481218D_2C0B_9793_4161_C3259FD95D68.questions = Questions
quizScore_3481218D_2C0B_9793_4161_C3259FD95D68.repeat = Repeat
quizScore_3481218D_2C0B_9793_4161_C3259FD95D68.submitToLMS = Submit
quizScore_3481218D_2C0B_9793_4161_C3259FD95D68.elapsedTime = Time
### Score Name
score1.label = Score
### Timeout Screen
quizTimeout_347C018D_2C0B_9793_41C1_C7D2EC9D817D.title = - TIMEOUT -
quizTimeout_347C018D_2C0B_9793_41C1_C7D2EC9D817D.repeat = Repeat
quizTimeout_347C018D_2C0B_9793_41C1_C7D2EC9D817D.score = View Score
## Hotspot
### Tooltip
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B415C73_0371_9C90_4182_9D41D3AC843B.toolTip = 14-tesla MAS DNP Magnet
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_3343F405_197C_3BC6_41B1_002FBEF65620.toolTip = 20-ton Crane
HotspotMapOverlayArea_36B74212_02F1_841F_4174_F323404A9954.toolTip = 21-tesla ICR magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3542E707_02F3_8C06_418A_487E383A927E.toolTip = 21-tesla ICR magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_362E8196_02F2_8406_418A_8C0A18A2C1F2.toolTip = 21-tesla ICR magnet
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B4135A1_031E_8FBB_4160_E1164979A0F6.toolTip = 25-tesla Split-Helix Magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_35D696F8_031E_8C04_4163_08D568E35EE2.toolTip = 25T Split Magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_373E34D9_031F_8C04_4184_8E2A36A4563F.toolTip = 25T Split Magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3609F5D0_031E_8C03_4183_E29EDEA3FD3C.toolTip = 25T Split Magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_331645A4_0372_8C60_416B_6DF5D8208F56.toolTip = 32-tesla Superconducting Magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_33350B89_0371_8420_4179_86AA5ED4149B.toolTip = 32-tesla Superconducting Magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_2C814DAD_0371_7C60_417F_F94EC148D30A.toolTip = 32-tesla Superconducting Magnet
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B666C4B_030F_BCF4_4164_8C9DB115ED05.toolTip = 32-tesla superconducting Magnet
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BD6F3D2_0312_8BEB_4172_AD45AFD5B356.toolTip = 4-Spindle Bobbin Winder
HotspotMapOverlayArea_33712318_0313_8436_4177_FD456B958E60.toolTip = 41-tesla Resistive Magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_315E49A3_0311_841A_4188_59017FEE1B4D.toolTip = 41-tesla Resistive Magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_32559498_0312_8C36_4131_118DCCE774A0.toolTip = 41-tesla Resistive Magnet
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B573420_0312_8CB6_417F_D7A5D845F38C.toolTip = 45-tesla Hybrid Magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_36A0C370_0312_8405_418A_A9FA3423BFB1.toolTip = 45-tesla Hybrid Magnet
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B56C513_0311_8C9B_415C_F44F8CD1E8FE.toolTip = 45-tesla Hybrid Magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_311E309F_0312_843C_4188_9D2AE5F87DC2.toolTip = 45-tesla Hybrid Magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_301478C1_0312_8407_4182_A47EC0F4D453.toolTip = 45-tesla Hybrid Magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_30283B1E_0316_843A_418E_285DB0C07D01.toolTip = 45-tesla Hybrid Magnet Platform
HotspotMapOverlayArea_30306991_0312_8406_418C_37B273A8A618.toolTip = 45-tesla Hybrid Magnet Platform
HotspotMapOverlayArea_30D7098D_0311_841E_4149_9D12A68CDE86.toolTip = 45-tesla Hybrid Magnet Platform
HotspotMapOverlayArea_365065B6_02F2_8C02_4177_3A6E0461B2A0.toolTip = 900 MHz Magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3739091E_02F2_8402_418B_8EDEBD1B53E4.toolTip = 900 MHz Magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_358AB008_02F1_840D_418A_22701DF9EBCD.toolTip = 900 MHz Magnet
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B49DAAD_0372_858D_4189_1314183F7177.toolTip = 900 MHz NMR Magnet
sprite_0AA9A323_CBDA_462C_41E7_AA0E802F62C0.toolTip = ASC Facility
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2932358D_0372_8C74_4174_1C34773229FF.toolTip = Assembly and Testing Bench
HotspotMapOverlayArea_2E3D0893_0332_842E_4185_548DB36A8CA3.toolTip = Atrium
HotspotMapOverlayArea_2CA0BB76_030E_84D6_4172_EFB1B438D9C2.toolTip = Atrium
HotspotMapOverlayArea_32ADC861_030F_84EB_4180_10DDB11A7CD9.toolTip = Atrium
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2ADB8918_0377_849B_416B_45B8C3BFE87C.toolTip = Bandsaw
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B53B086_0316_847A_417D_1BD5B592323D.toolTip = Big-K Compressor
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_34AC037C_2C1E_FB75_4164_F6051D4911ED.toolTip = Bitter Disk Art
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_34C7B51A_2C09_7CB6_41BA_39D4DA365F3A.toolTip = Bitter Disk Art
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_5942A286_7EC4_DD12_41D0_B8861B5461BB.toolTip = Bitter Disk Art
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_3593796C_2C16_949A_41C5_8B01A7E951FF.toolTip = Bitter Disk Art
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_35AAC464_2C16_BC97_41BB_DF64927FE74C.toolTip = Bitter Disk Art
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_3748E16E_2C0B_9490_41A8_B3BB81A600BE.toolTip = Bitter Disk Art
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2A21922D_0311_848A_417D_3A118FCECD4A.toolTip = Bore
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B8DEA12_030F_8483_4189_03B023BA06C5.toolTip = Broomfield 500 Winder
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B41B9C9_030E_8781_4182_F5A02FEDBA54.toolTip = Broomfield 600 Winder
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_28431C61_0313_7CA9_4175_0DF935CB72D4.toolTip = Bull Block
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BB6EF48_0313_BCF5_4165_33AFE459E566.toolTip = Bus Tunnel
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B72E51B_0316_8C8D_4187_ED66B9ECDCFB.toolTip = Cell Markings
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BB86A04_0317_847E_4187_F794CABCC622.toolTip = Central Distribution Box
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BF2CA67_0312_84B9_4182_84DAE86B830A.toolTip = Chillers
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BA5D744_0337_8C83_4188_832A55216304.toolTip = Clean Room
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BC397BF_0373_8B97_4161_86A30AA9F97E.toolTip = Climate control panels
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2A444185_0311_846E_417B_ADBF955D66D7.toolTip = Coil Winding Machine
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B5D6289_031F_858B_4181_6B0102153BE9.toolTip = Console and Monitors
HotspotMapOverlayArea_35D79D30_030E_BC1F_418B_5CA7E6822C82.toolTip = Control Room
HotspotMapOverlayArea_377EB231_030E_8400_4175_F8436DA376E8.toolTip = Control Room
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3698FA56_030F_8403_417B_5D5DF49DE721.toolTip = Control Room
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BEC7E93_0313_9D9B_4180_A4D6D305EB3D.toolTip = Control Terminal
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_292FB442_0312_8CF8_416C_03B73A961138.toolTip = Cooling Towers
HotspotMapOverlayArea_2C2BCFB1_0317_BC69_4168_8775BFA155CD.toolTip = Cryogenics Lab
HotspotMapOverlayArea_2D42A4FE_0312_8DDB_4172_4ADF3D7EF30E.toolTip = Cryogenics Lab
HotspotMapOverlayArea_2C7C9623_0311_8C69_415E_48F1CDEC7734.toolTip = Cryogenics Lab
HotspotMapOverlayArea_2D905821_0311_846B_417A_A664B18C4275.toolTip = Cryogenics Lab Laser Room
HotspotMapOverlayArea_33B57690_0312_8C29_4189_9DCCB8322C01.toolTip = Cryogenics Lab Laser Room
HotspotMapOverlayArea_2DE2CC92_0312_BC28_4183_E74CC68E2BC2.toolTip = Cryogenics Lab Laser Room
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B78A77B_0313_8C8E_4158_B270A51687EA.toolTip = Cryostat
HotspotMapOverlayArea_327E0429_030F_8C69_415A_852C8A692D10.toolTip = DC Field Facility
HotspotMapOverlayArea_32966AEC_0311_85E8_4161_215A5B895980.toolTip = DC Field Facility
sprite_715D87C2_CBD6_CE73_41E4_FD69226A46E9.toolTip = DC Field Facility
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3181E630_0311_8C77_4188_5CF1936191AF.toolTip = DC Field Facility
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2A68D367_0372_84B6_4182_B7D4695530A5.toolTip = Data
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BE6ECAD_0373_9DB4_4151_74DB786D4D42.toolTip = Design Station
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B4FDDD5_0312_FF86_4172_8AD0A08C7CC4.toolTip = Disk Inspection & Stacking
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BDF397F_030E_8498_4168_0BD1ED11C2DE.toolTip = Drawbench
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B412A5A_0373_849E_4151_AC7E36086823.toolTip = Dust Mats
sprite_B3FC9870_A68C_88A1_41D7_CDA4ED08B386.toolTip = EMR Facility
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BA67C23_0377_9CB6_417E_9C35D48C86A8.toolTip = Eclipse
HotspotMapOverlayArea_35551372_02F1_841A_4186_F7A2F76C15FC.toolTip = Electro-Mechanical Testing
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3499BAB2_02F6_841A_415B_6A207484FF0C.toolTip = Electro-Mechanical Testing
HotspotMapOverlayArea_35887BD9_02F2_8409_4188_BB9D09E19D6B.toolTip = Electro-Mechanical Testing
HotspotMapOverlayArea_33F02E22_0316_9C64_416B_6EBEA98E4D32.toolTip = Electronics Shop
HotspotMapOverlayArea_2D60A4C0_0312_8C24_4173_A745C7161390.toolTip = Electronics Shop
HotspotMapOverlayArea_32A0D2E5_0313_85EF_412C_98A041C0DE08.toolTip = Electronics Shop
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BBCDD33_0371_9CAE_417E_50594C1AF446.toolTip = Focused Ion Beam
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2A1CED6F_0372_FC8D_417C_53F96EAB0B64.toolTip = Fringe Field Lines
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BA27BE9_0332_FB87_417D_8F17ED8B82CE.toolTip = Front Desk
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B62EC91_0336_9D8E_417D_7AB9A9834329.toolTip = Front Door
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2A463A78_030E_848F_4182_E30C341F81E9.toolTip = Furnace
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_29E2F52F_0312_8CB8_4172_2239C285AD10.toolTip = Furnaces
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B66C4D3_0333_8D8B_4185_88CB62267744.toolTip = Gathering Spaces
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B57C6CE_0316_8D8A_4175_C8D7A4606387.toolTip = Ground floor
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2A3248E1_0372_85B0_417D_0022818208C9.toolTip = Gyrotron
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B7E88A4_0311_85B8_4185_1CA84381F20C.toolTip = Heat Exchangers
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B515151_0311_8496_417E_FF6DB42A4694.toolTip = Helium Compressor Building
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B52B7D1_0311_8B94_4180_6592EEA8C0BD.toolTip = Helium Dewars
HotspotMapOverlayArea_30D083C4_030E_8417_4184_22FE0DE4DC33.toolTip = Helium Storage
HotspotMapOverlayArea_32488C4C_0311_7C11_4185_57E26E76F5BC.toolTip = Helium Storage
HotspotMapOverlayArea_32CE6AAA_030F_8413_4150_4353FD66F522.toolTip = Helium Storage
HotspotMapOverlayArea_307D158A_0316_8C06_417C_E58C90F4D326.toolTip = Helium System
HotspotMapOverlayArea_376684D4_0317_8C02_4183_1222C8AE77A4.toolTip = Helium System
HotspotMapOverlayArea_300AA21F_0317_843E_4175_52C3EB59404C.toolTip = Helium System
HotspotMapOverlayArea_366168D5_02F1_8418_4176_722F68A5E6F6.toolTip = HiPER
HotspotMapOverlayArea_36EAB650_02F2_8C17_418B_EC6CD445B5C4.toolTip = HiPER
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3578B749_02F1_8C09_4172_10ED69C96656.toolTip = HiPER
HotspotMapOverlayArea_33CD5B99_0511_8410_4146_DCA92E5F9552.toolTip = High-Field Conductor and Coil Testing
HotspotMapOverlayArea_323E0058_0511_8412_4188_7A109EA522E1.toolTip = High-Field Conductor and Coil Testing
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BC24ED2_030F_7DE8_417C_E1181A6A6FB9.toolTip = High-Field Conductor and Coil Testing
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3351F0A0_0513_8432_4175_F0F98AF7DCA0.toolTip = High-Field Conductor and Coil Testing
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B99D648_0336_8C83_4148_BC1C5BBCEC88.toolTip = How Strong are the MagLab’s Electromagnets?
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2A060102_0311_846B_417A_93F69D308AE8.toolTip = Hydrostatic Extrusion Press
sprite_081FACFC_CBDA_4214_41DF_FF5BE5DECED7.toolTip = ICR Facility
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BB1ECCB_0376_9DF6_4172_F647147D7624.toolTip = ICR Magnets
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3641D2A7_02F7_8404_412E_1386DBB68A24.toolTip = ICR Main Room
HotspotMapOverlayArea_375209EF_02F1_8404_4189_71D48B67ABD4.toolTip = ICR Main Room
HotspotMapOverlayArea_34FC382E_02F6_8407_410D_923136457D80.toolTip = ICR Main Room
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BD5C384_0376_8471_4185_E64F8BC213F2.toolTip = ICR Technology
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B4DA267_0331_848C_416D_7459EE80C6A2.toolTip = Insulation
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BD735DB_0312_8F9A_4176_373A91C3D863.toolTip = Insulation Braiding Machine
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BC13B5D_030F_8481_417D_23CA331EAD4F.toolTip = Insulation Machine
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B58A622_0377_8CB6_4170_C66695208CF4.toolTip = Ionization Techniques
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B5C887B_030E_8494_416B_7C6A1A483679.toolTip = Iron Shield
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B416565_0316_8CBE_4183_47ED8FBBFEA7.toolTip = LR280 Helium Liquefier
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B295DE8_0332_BF85_416C_04423B89077A.toolTip = Lab Partners
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B232B64_0331_848F_4185_88DF95A99A4D.toolTip = Lab’s Dedication
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3389DF63_0373_9CE3_4173_6333AADB4FE6.toolTip = Large Coil Fabrication Lab
HotspotMapOverlayArea_33551932_0376_847E_4174_A265F3162EC2.toolTip = Large Coil Fabrication Lab
HotspotMapOverlayArea_325ADE2C_0371_9C6A_4179_AD3256F2BCC2.toolTip = Large Coil Fabrication Lab
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BBE6F63_0371_9CAD_4189_B8FD65AED343.toolTip = Lathe
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BB2119E_0376_8791_4176_DB43CFB21D6E.toolTip = Liquid Chromatography
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B385EE8_030E_BDB8_4184_0CC84FDC98D5.toolTip = Liquid Helium Flow Visualization Facility
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2A9EDFBC_0336_9B82_4131_AFFF9375A3D8.toolTip = Long Table
HotspotMapOverlayArea_36B9BDF2_02F1_9C1E_417B_69FB364FBDCE.toolTip = MAS and DNP Magnets
HotspotMapOverlayArea_34C7A8C2_02FF_8479_4179_4FB92821FB69.toolTip = MAS and DNP Magnets
HotspotMapOverlayArea_35DB381E_02FE_8409_4134_66515859C864.toolTip = MAS and DNP Magnets
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B490166_0373_84BF_4178_9865A5BAE806.toolTip = MRI Probe
sprite_758E740A_CBD7_C1F3_41E3_D61A89B176F8.toolTip = MS&T Facility
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B80EBEF_0377_7BB5_4189_91D71E2309EB.toolTip = MTS Tensile Machine
HotspotMapOverlayArea_2CADD8EC_0317_85E3_4173_9449D3027CC0.toolTip = Machine Shop
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3384980D_0312_843D_415F_EA3568BB34CE.toolTip = Machine Shop
HotspotMapOverlayArea_32D606AE_0313_8C7F_4177_A2C8D75670EF.toolTip = Machine Shop
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2A7D944F_0373_8CF4_4184_9B7D5D9C86C4.toolTip = Machining Tools
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BED67A1_0332_8B87_414B_3778B9A6CE24.toolTip = MagLab Artwork
HotspotMapOverlayArea_36D49766_0313_8C01_418F_1748E80674EE.toolTip = MagLab Plant
HotspotMapOverlayArea_35A84066_0311_8400_418F_65BDC3A46D2C.toolTip = MagLab Plant
HotspotMapOverlayArea_36A2C0EE_0312_8401_418E_BB6A1C05B3F9.toolTip = MagLab Plant
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B7C0928_0331_8487_4175_6EAA64027132.toolTip = MagLab Sign
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BF988E1_0336_858F_4188_98A2062377EA.toolTip = MagLab Van
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B41F493_0317_8D9C_4188_A3DDA7470874.toolTip = Magnet Cells
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_24BDEA45_0331_8482_4170_59E0CFCCF82A.toolTip = Magnet Coils
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B5B11E0_031E_87B8_4160_576C9C80BF18.toolTip = Magnet Cooling Water Pumps
HotspotMapOverlayArea_33991100_0372_8419_418B_1B0F10AE8A50.toolTip = Magnet Factory
HotspotMapOverlayArea_328EDBEA_0372_BBE9_418A_E65A946DA376.toolTip = Magnet Factory
HotspotMapOverlayArea_312912C0_0371_8419_412E_0ACBC7F25100.toolTip = Magnet Factory
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B7C011B_0311_848D_4172_9379A33C0742.toolTip = Magnet Housing and Plumbing
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2A179B72_0312_8495_4162_228000A81AF1.toolTip = Magnet Magic
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B5C4327_030F_84BC_4181_ED00C759F8F3.toolTip = Magnet Pit
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B50B911_0312_849B_416A_322464D0220B.toolTip = Magnetic Field Display
HotspotMapOverlayArea_29C74C0B_0313_9C34_4145_8DF99A1A7E12.toolTip = Main Entrance
HotspotMapOverlayArea_2945271F_03F6_8C78_4166_0084AABFA59F.toolTip = Main Entrance
HotspotMapOverlayArea_29B1B58B_0311_8C35_4183_B8609E1E274D.toolTip = Main Entrance
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2A735F72_0331_9C80_415F_319CF10C3D93.toolTip = Main Winder
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B593671_0317_8C96_4180_44880A805F74.toolTip = Mega-Mo Liquid Helium Storage Dewar
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B4F6C1F_0373_9C91_416B_3C3BFBDCED96.toolTip = Microwave bridge
HotspotMapOverlayArea_2C6020BC_030F_8462_4181_8A0756E352C3.toolTip = MilliKelvin Lab
HotspotMapOverlayArea_339E4583_0311_8C25_415D_8DC3F12714C2.toolTip = MilliKelvin Lab
HotspotMapOverlayArea_2D2DF98F_030E_843E_4185_106099448390.toolTip = MilliKelvin Lab
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B9ECA57_0371_8495_4189_A9968A013697.toolTip = Milling Machine
sprite_08A15F91_CBD6_DEEE_41DE_B9D9DB210DD2.toolTip = NMR Facility
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B9ABDAA_0311_9F8A_417B_529FBE34A50A.toolTip = Nerf Football with metal inside
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B6EF647_0373_8CFD_4172_5CE52F531480.toolTip = Operator Console
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B5702BC_031E_8589_4167_0F8646434BE6.toolTip = Optical Table
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B5CE907_0371_8470_417F_86C4858587C9.toolTip = Overhauser DNP magnet
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BBD908C_0371_8479_4149_5B1CB7853DA4.toolTip = Particle Tracking Velocimetry
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2A301A42_030E_8483_4168_89202D2F8654.toolTip = Payoff
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B9EC500_0376_8C6A_417A_4D16E9114A40.toolTip = Physical Property Measurement System
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BAB49F4_0373_8793_4181_41ADA9C3DF22.toolTip = Pit
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BB27527_0371_8CBD_4182_DF38FE8CC3E8.toolTip = Platform
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B50B9C7_0371_87FD_4179_CA3CF47708B4.toolTip = Plumbing
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B4BF7EB_0311_8B8D_4175_86E30594C430.toolTip = Probe
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BB485AA_0311_8FB5_4176_7B9952E3E183.toolTip = Probe
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B406ADE_0312_858A_4186_F86B5BB6519C.toolTip = Probe/Sample Prep Area
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B75E2B3_0311_859A_4176_9B414BC37685.toolTip = Purifier
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BBF65FB_0372_8F90_417D_D7BDF220EF24.toolTip = Quasi-optical table
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2A652195_0371_8791_4183_D8701D19A26E.toolTip = Quasi-optical tables
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B467671_030E_8C94_4180_6625A9CF43FF.toolTip = Quench Protection Equipment
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BEA4422_0313_8CAB_4188_157AFCD78F59.toolTip = REBCO Coil Winding Machine
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B578FC3_0333_7B87_4180_56DBD8715F08.toolTip = REBCO Tape
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3EF7BF0F_0512_BDF1_4187_C84E4FB92885.toolTip = REBCO Winding Room
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3C8C1144_0513_8476_4180_45E0D41162B4.toolTip = REBCO Winding Room
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3D1BFC60_0512_9C2F_418F_A7A699FA6C48.toolTip = REBCO Winding Room
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B45FB50_0332_8481_4153_3C76776236A0.toolTip = Respooler
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BA995B8_0312_8F8B_4187_AA78D51727A5.toolTip = Sample
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B959DAB_0373_9FBF_4175_6AB662B5BA86.toolTip = Sample Chamber
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BAD4BDF_0371_FB95_4189_2BA2262D999F.toolTip = Sample Chamber
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BB75EA2_0372_9DAE_4177_E616A92E2C08.toolTip = Sample Prep Area
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2A4068FC_0376_8590_4151_755DCACD9C46.toolTip = Samples
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B9B3462_0371_8CB7_417A_0D7E05DB1142.toolTip = Samples - Probe area
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2A0A4890_0336_8583_416D_26A6F825EE00.toolTip = Sand Room
HotspotMapOverlayArea_358D64D5_02F6_8C1E_4188_30CA0998DECD.toolTip = Scanning Electron Microscope
HotspotMapOverlayArea_363CEF96_02F7_9C1A_4170_EC76E4B9B578.toolTip = Scanning Electron Microscope
HotspotMapOverlayArea_36B97FDB_02F1_9C0B_4183_B19A92887ACE.toolTip = Scanning Electron Microscope
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_24A37E34_033E_9C8F_4181_BC06A5C27A9F.toolTip = Science Never Sleeps
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B536B8A_0311_9B88_414B_1D41AAF51094.toolTip = Secondary Chilled Water Pumps
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BB9A398_0333_8B80_4164_4044232B4958.toolTip = Secondary Winder
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3274BDF5_0313_9FFF_415D_3BE25CB5BFFF.toolTip = Series Connected Hybrid Magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_334583FB_0313_8BF6_4175_6A5AA096718B.toolTip = Series Connected Hybrid Magnet
HotspotMapOverlayArea_30B671E4_0311_841D_417E_7A0AF7E639AC.toolTip = Series Connected Hybrid Magnet
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BB6DD7F_0372_BC94_4151_B7E29481B774.toolTip = Solder/Assembly Station
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BD52401_0372_8C72_4180_22A4604A7348.toolTip = Solid State NMR probe
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B39F3D2_030E_8BE8_4163_2569DCE93768.toolTip = Spool
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2ACEE0D7_0331_858E_4184_E56EE9F39112.toolTip = Staging Area
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B7616C6_0316_8DFA_416E_85B727D23FAA.toolTip = Stairs to platform
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B3E2EC6_030F_9DE8_417A_302BAC41E131.toolTip = Strain Test Facility
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BAF4004_0371_8469_4172_CD77C42FE480.toolTip = Sudden Catastrophic Vacuum Break Research Facility
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B74EE0E_0311_7C8D_4184_7F7F62611CB7.toolTip = Superconducting Magnet
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BCDB554_0376_8CEA_411F_C5D9E43BCF60.toolTip = Superconductor Critical Current Testing System
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BBE04B2_0371_8DA9_4168_DBC1F2BD386E.toolTip = Superfluid Helium Droplet Levitation Facility
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2AF030D3_0311_85E9_4182_FEDCAE2A7751.toolTip = Swaging Machine
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B4CAD25_0373_BCB1_417D_5070874530DE.toolTip = The HiPER Magnet
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BE83096_0372_8596_4150_103615BBAD77.toolTip = The Image
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B594867_0333_848B_417A_0A853D68692F.toolTip = The Lab’s Founder
HotspotMapOverlayArea_354B7B08_02F2_85F4_4166_6BFC950F2F02.toolTip = Transmission Electron Microscope
HotspotMapOverlayArea_34570C94_02F2_9C1C_4178_8737A747D8ED.toolTip = Transmission Electron Microscope
HotspotMapOverlayArea_34FED75A_02F2_8C14_4159_DB9F4CCFABAF.toolTip = Transmission Electron Microscope
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_30585F2B_1973_E5C2_4187_9AE60266279C.toolTip = U.S. Capitol American Flag
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B73E36F_0312_8486_416B_DCF59B75C9DA.toolTip = Upper Platform
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B505E1D_030E_9C81_4165_18478F5CF389.toolTip = VPI Chamber
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B9A4BF7_0371_BB95_4122_DAA2855315C4.toolTip = Vertical Machining Centers
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B8D86A7_030F_8DA8_4160_F8C2F5372BD7.toolTip = Very Large Test Superconducting Magnet
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B68AC99_0311_FD8D_4179_59BEF71CB3AB.toolTip = Vibration Isolation Table
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_32BEF3E1_25F0_2090_41BC_59C30DE537F3.toolTip = Virtual Tour Scavenger Hunt
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2A9D92B9_0313_8589_417F_76B908A816EC.toolTip = Water Tanks
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BB5F8D9_0311_8588_4180_8DEEB84B8BE0.toolTip = Water Treatment System
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3221CC11_0372_BC3E_4165_6B59A743F109.toolTip = Winding Shop
HotspotMapOverlayArea_33032BA5_0371_8466_4182_B4F9F18D2C52.toolTip = Winding Shop
HotspotMapOverlayArea_31958CD5_0377_BC21_415F_464E2F99234A.toolTip = Winding Shop
HotspotMapOverlayArea_33FE34B5_0516_8C10_418B_1898BBCFFFBD.toolTip = Winding and Insulation Braiding Room
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3CA733B9_0517_8410_414B_5C2757EBE1EA.toolTip = Winding and Insulation Braiding Room
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3CA6A5F7_0516_8C10_4186_8D5E6F021F2D.toolTip = Winding and Insulation Braiding Room
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B40C3B0_0312_8B94_4189_3689D70990F1.toolTip = Window Screens
HotspotMapOverlayArea_3247070B_050E_8DF5_417E_B39B76D32E16.toolTip = Wire Drawing and Fabrication
HotspotMapOverlayArea_33D89251_050E_8415_4180_1041AC83D796.toolTip = Wire Drawing and Fabrication
HotspotMapOverlayArea_331F3420_050F_8C33_4183_D9BF93F8CD2C.toolTip = Wire Drawing and Fabrication
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2AB38DF6_0376_BF97_4183_E771183BE6FB.toolTip = Wire EDM Machine
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2BB32025_0372_84B4_4179_4BC3DD87B43F.toolTip = Wire, Cable, and Parts Supplies
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_2B9D51E6_0372_87B3_4189_3D0558F6F303.toolTip = Witch's Hat
HotspotPanoramaOverlayArea_31B87B2A_197C_6DC3_4172_28E2668F4638.toolTip = Wooden Chair
## Media
### Description
album_4D4F2D18_02C7_2B12_417A_286E43C4DFBB_1.description = 45 tesla magnet ground floor.
album_4D4F2D18_02C7_2B12_417A_286E43C4DFBB_0.description = 45 tesla magnet ground floor.
album_4D4F2D18_02C7_2B12_417A_286E43C4DFBB_2.description = 45 tesla magnet ground floor.
album_D7B02BAA_E9FC_D816_41B1_96B4C0FAB0B6_0.description = A closer look at the Broomfield 500 winder.
album_D0668379_02C7_4AC6_417C_33C261650385_1.description = A closer look at the Overhauser DNP magnet.
album_D0668379_02C7_4AC6_417C_33C261650385_0.description = A closer look at the Overhauser DNP magnet.
album_55E311A3_EBCD_C892_41DF_8666EB39248E_1.description = A closer look at the control room’s monitors.
album_55E311A3_EBCD_C892_41DF_8666EB39248E_2.description = A closer look at the control room’s monitors.
album_91432A43_890C_F190_41DD_1BAACDAB68AE_1.description = A closer look at the electronic components of the HiPER’s microwave bridge.
album_045D1055_2174_626E_41B6_31B8EEF0608C_1.description = A closeup look at the massive hook on the 20-ton crane.
photo_23B730D9_7F44_7D3E_41D4_91E254D75C0D.description = A finished magnet coil.
photo_23B730D9_7F44_7D3E_41D4_91E254D75C0D.description = A finished magnet coil.
album_3D607FB7_0849_5999_4193_330FE65F7F48_1.description = A mosquito at 500 times magnification in the scanning electron microscope.
album_55E311A3_EBCD_C892_41DF_8666EB39248E_3.description = A power cable on display in the lab’s DC Field facility.
album_55E311A3_EBCD_C892_41DF_8666EB39248E_4.description = A power cable on display in the lab’s DC Field facility.
album_55E311A3_EBCD_C892_41DF_8666EB39248E_0.description = A schematic diagram of the MagLab’s power and cooling systems for the resistive magnets in the lab’s DC Field facilty.
album_4BFE4ED0_E8CC_585B_41E2_8520C379D07B_1.description = A scientist works on a sample at the end of a probe.
album_7FDFBC3A_5E90_CC44_41CA_6697889486AE_0.description = A small electromagnet attached to the coil winding machine for winding.
photo_17E64947_7F44_4F12_41CE_902701E57803.description = A small magnet coil is readied for nesting into a larger coil.
photo_17E64947_7F44_4F12_41CE_902701E57803.description = A small magnet coil is readied for nesting into a larger coil.
album_4C0EDF2E_0242_E70E_4170_E9D531C50F94_0.description = A view inside the MagLab’s bus tunnel where electricity is routed to magnets.
album_4C0EDF2E_0242_E70E_4170_E9D531C50F94_1.description = A view inside the MagLab’s bus tunnel where electricity is routed to magnets.
album_4C0EDF2E_0242_E70E_4170_E9D531C50F94_2.description = A view inside the MagLab’s bus tunnel where electricity is routed to magnets.
album_3D607FB7_0849_5999_4193_330FE65F7F48_0.description = An ant seen at 200 times magnification in the scanning electron microscope.
album_9ACD0F67_E560_25EA_41D1_20BA220753A6_2.description = Checking in at front desk.
album_9ACD0F67_E560_25EA_41D1_20BA220753A6_1.description = Checking in at front desk.
album_9ACD0F67_E560_25EA_41D1_20BA220753A6_0.description = Checking in at front desk.
album_1C1F7F67_CB29_C2CB_41E2_A29C53CAE0AE_2.description = Children share hands-on science fun at the “Play Lab” during the annual Open House.
album_1C1F7F67_CB29_C2CB_41E2_A29C53CAE0AE_3.description = Children share hands-on science fun at the “Play Lab” during the annual Open House.
album_2EB845CC_ED20_18F0_41E8_F9C03013321A_0.description = Copper plates that will be stamped into bitter disks.
album_2EB845CC_ED20_18F0_41E8_F9C03013321A_2.description = Copper plates that will be stamped into bitter disks.
album_2EB845CC_ED20_18F0_41E8_F9C03013321A_1.description = Copper plates that will be stamped into bitter disks.
album_6CF6D7CC_4F4F_56A1_41AF_4E72B01781F8_2.description = Crowds gather for the MagLab's first Open House, following the dedication in October 1994.
album_6CF6D7CC_4F4F_56A1_41AF_4E72B01781F8_0.description = Crowds gather for the MagLab's first Open House, following the dedication in October 1994.
album_1C1F7F67_CB29_C2CB_41E2_A29C53CAE0AE_1.description = Crowds gather outside the lab for the annual Open House.
album_1C1F7F67_CB29_C2CB_41E2_A29C53CAE0AE_0.description = Crowds gather outside the lab for the annual Open House.
album_7CFEFA48_ED20_2808_41E1_7C95377CDE75_2.description = Guests in the atrium during Open House.
album_7CFEFA48_ED20_2808_41E1_7C95377CDE75_3.description = Guests in the atrium during Open House.
album_7CFEFA48_ED20_2808_41E1_7C95377CDE75_1.description = Guests in the atrium during Open House.
album_322CE2AF_0243_390D_4159_9ACD75150268_1.description = Helium recovery piping in rafters of the lab’s DC Field Facility.
album_322CE2AF_0243_390D_4159_9ACD75150268_0.description = Helium recovery piping in rafters of the lab’s DC Field Facility.
photo_FFFC325F_979D_5475_41D3_C5FF84374A18.description = Lab founder Jack Crow's statue in the atrium.
photo_FFFC325F_979D_5475_41D3_C5FF84374A18.description = Lab founder Jack Crow's statue in the atrium.
album_444EC541_EDE0_199E_41D2_E88020C046F1_0.description = Light fixtures, wall decorations, and other bitter disk art at the MagLab.
album_444EC541_EDE0_199E_41D2_E88020C046F1_4.description = Light fixtures, wall decorations, and other bitter disk art at the MagLab.
album_444EC541_EDE0_199E_41D2_E88020C046F1_2.description = Light fixtures, wall decorations, and other bitter disk art at the MagLab.
album_444EC541_EDE0_199E_41D2_E88020C046F1_3.description = Light fixtures, wall decorations, and other bitter disk art at the MagLab.
album_444EC541_EDE0_199E_41D2_E88020C046F1_1.description = Light fixtures, wall decorations, and other bitter disk art at the MagLab.
album_444EC541_EDE0_199E_41D2_E88020C046F1_5.description = Light fixtures, wall decorations, and other bitter disk art at the MagLab.
photo_7C203EAD_ED20_2833_41CF_47741A30FAD6.description = MagLab founder and first director Jack Crow.
photo_7C203EAD_ED20_2833_41CF_47741A30FAD6.description = MagLab founder and first director Jack Crow.
album_74088086_E5E0_1B0F_41E4_DAAD2C363348_1.description = MagLab founder and first director Jack Crow.
album_74088086_E5E0_1B0F_41E4_DAAD2C363348_0.description = MagLab founder and first director Jack Crow.
album_7CFEFA48_ED20_2808_41E1_7C95377CDE75_0.description = MagLab staff and children during 2025 Take Your Child to Work day.
album_2FDC0D38_ED60_6985_41EB_862867112B90_2.description = Magnet coils of various sizes that have been un-nested.
photo_437307A2_2286_2233_41AC_312959BA1DEA.description = Nested coils of the 32-tesla all superconducting magnet
photo_437307A2_2286_2233_41AC_312959BA1DEA.description = Nested coils of the 32-tesla all superconducting magnet
album_3D3234CC_08DB_EF8F_4190_9B6E66CA05DC_0.description = Niobium tin superconducting wire seen under the Transmission Electron Microscope at 1.5 million times magnification. The dots are niobium and tin atoms.
album_3D3234CC_08DB_EF8F_4190_9B6E66CA05DC_2.description = Niobium tin superconducting wire seen under the Transmission Electron Microscope at 30,000 times magnification.
album_3D3234CC_08DB_EF8F_4190_9B6E66CA05DC_1.description = Niobium tin superconducting wire seen under the Transmission Electron Microscope at 60,000 times magnification.
photo_4551B82E_7F44_4D15_41CF_CE05696782BD.description = Probe in the 41-tesla magnet cell.
photo_43CF9536_7F44_4772_419C_E5CD18C37351.description = Probe in the 41-tesla magnet cell.
photo_43CF9536_7F44_4772_419C_E5CD18C37351.description = Probe in the 41-tesla magnet cell.
photo_4551B82E_7F44_4D15_41CF_CE05696782BD.description = Probe in the 41-tesla magnet cell.
album_519DA5FF_0243_DB0E_4170_7630F0170D3F_2.description = Probes and probe work in the MilliKelvin facility.
album_519DA5FF_0243_DB0E_4170_7630F0170D3F_3.description = Probes and probe work in the MilliKelvin facility.
album_519DA5FF_0243_DB0E_4170_7630F0170D3F_4.description = Probes and probe work in the MilliKelvin facility.
album_519DA5FF_0243_DB0E_4170_7630F0170D3F_5.description = Probes and probe work in the MilliKelvin facility.
album_519DA5FF_0243_DB0E_4170_7630F0170D3F_6.description = Probes and probe work in the MilliKelvin facility.
album_519DA5FF_0243_DB0E_4170_7630F0170D3F_7.description = Probes and probe work in the MilliKelvin facility.
album_519DA5FF_0243_DB0E_4170_7630F0170D3F_8.description = Probes and probe work in the MilliKelvin facility.
album_519DA5FF_0243_DB0E_4170_7630F0170D3F_9.description = Probes and probe work in the MilliKelvin facility.
album_519DA5FF_0243_DB0E_4170_7630F0170D3F_1.description = Probes and probe work in the MilliKelvin facility.
album_519DA5FF_0243_DB0E_4170_7630F0170D3F_0.description = Probes and probe work in the MilliKelvin facility.
album_90B6669D_02C3_CB6B_4185_A862A01EF19D_0.description = Samples being placed inside the 21 tesla Ion Cyclotron Resonance magnet system.
album_90B6669D_02C3_CB6B_4185_A862A01EF19D_1.description = Samples being placed inside the 21 tesla Ion Cyclotron Resonance magnet system.
photo_17E5269E_7F44_4535_41DB_DB79E90A3941.description = Stacking a magnet coil.
photo_17E5269E_7F44_4535_41DB_DB79E90A3941.description = Stacking a magnet coil.
album_F1C590DB_E8D7_CB96_41CC_C1A6F9DFFB53_1.description = Strands of REBCO superconducting tape on top of coils of tape.
album_7CFEFA48_ED20_2808_41E1_7C95377CDE75_4.description = Students hold a poster session in the MagLab atrium.
album_F49E901A_E9F4_CA54_41D9_831B11A525D2_1.description = Superconducting tape on a winder.
album_D7B02BAA_E9FC_D816_41B1_96B4C0FAB0B6_1.description = The 10-ton crane used in the large coil fabrication area.
album_D7B02BAA_E9FC_D816_41B1_96B4C0FAB0B6_2.description = The 10-ton crane used in the large coil fabrication area.
album_045D1055_2174_626E_41B6_31B8EEF0608C_0.description = The 20-ton crane used to raise and lower heavy equipment for the 45-tesla magnet.
album_8C99C0CC_0242_C8FD_4185_C220B7B3DF5A_1.description = The ICR facility’s 14.5 tesla magnet.
album_8C99C0CC_0242_C8FD_4185_C220B7B3DF5A_0.description = The ICR facility’s 9.4 tesla magnet.
album_7FDFBC3A_5E90_CC44_41CA_6697889486AE_2.description = The coil winding machine specialized to wind high temperature superconducting tape known as REBCO.
album_235EA061_0242_D935_4165_8774FE884C60_0.description = The deionization process for all cooling water that runs through our electromagnets.
album_235EA061_0242_D935_4165_8774FE884C60_1.description = The deionized water system.
album_5715D765_ED60_198D_41E8_FF83D2D61283_3.description = The disk stacking process to build a magnet coil.
album_5715D765_ED60_198D_41E8_FF83D2D61283_2.description = The disk stacking process to build a magnet coil.
album_5715D765_ED60_198D_41E8_FF83D2D61283_0.description = The disk stacking process to build a magnet coil.
album_5715D765_ED60_198D_41E8_FF83D2D61283_1.description = The disk stacking process to build a magnet coil.
photo_31F82A38_0331_847A_418D_B0E7F3BB2076.description = The many layers of material that make up REBCO tape. The black is the superconducting material, just two-thousandths of a millimeter thick.
photo_31F82A38_0331_847A_418D_B0E7F3BB2076.description = The many layers of material that make up REBCO tape. The black is the superconducting material, just two-thousandths of a millimeter thick.
album_91432A43_890C_F190_41DD_1BAACDAB68AE_0.description = The microwave amplifier on the microwave bridge of the HiPER magnet.
album_7CC6B3C0_03DF_488A_417E_A20BC0FA9678_1.description = The thick and heavy plates shielding the Series Connected Hybrid magnet to better contain its magnetic field.
album_7CC6B3C0_03DF_488A_417E_A20BC0FA9678_0.description = The thick and heavy plates shielding the Series Connected Hybrid magnet to better contain its magnetic field.
album_7FDFBC3A_5E90_CC44_41CA_6697889486AE_1.description = Three prototype electromagnets, known as "little big coils,” wound with REBCO superconducting material.
photo_139E439F_7F44_4333_41C2_AB599A1B1841.description = Two technicians stack a large magnet coil.
photo_139E439F_7F44_4333_41C2_AB599A1B1841.description = Two technicians stack a large magnet coil.
album_6CF6D7CC_4F4F_56A1_41AF_4E72B01781F8_4.description = Vice President Al Gore speaks at the MagLab's dedication, Oct. 1, 1994.
album_6CF6D7CC_4F4F_56A1_41AF_4E72B01781F8_1.description = Vice President Al Gore speaks at the MagLab's dedication, Oct. 1, 1994.
album_6CF6D7CC_4F4F_56A1_41AF_4E72B01781F8_3.description = Vice President Al Gore speaks at the MagLab's dedication, Oct. 1, 1994.
album_6CF6D7CC_4F4F_56A1_41AF_4E72B01781F8_5.description = Vice President Al Gore speaks at the MagLab's dedication, Oct. 1, 1994.
album_2FDC0D38_ED60_6985_41EB_862867112B90_1.description = Work on a magnet coil in a magnet cell.
album_2FDC0D38_ED60_6985_41EB_862867112B90_3.description = Working on a magnet coil.
### Floorplan
### Image
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imlevel_BF12D9F5_A281_CAC2_41D9_345A86459892.url = media/map_366DF650_0287_5230_4165_FCB867BDA2B8_en_4.png
### Subtitle
panorama_53C388D6_C96E_4381_41E3_057D9271EF3E.subtitle = A section of the Cryogenics laboratory is dedicated to visualization studies of cryogenic fluids, with an emphasis on superfluid helium, using a variety of laser systems and imaging techniques.
panorama_53DC7894_C96F_C381_41E2_5B4CFDB98656.subtitle = After helium recovered throughout the lab is compressed, it goes to the liquefier. This is the final step in the process to recover and reuse this important resource.
panorama_53DC081B_C96E_4286_41D5_636CE8D9C16F.subtitle = At 41 tesla, this is one of the lab’s flagship magnets and one of the strongest all-resistive magnets in the world, powered by electricity running through metal disks and cooled by water.
panorama_53DC0066_C96E_428E_41C1_B6B58A4403B7.subtitle = Here, on the 45-tesla hybrid magnet platform, users have access to the top of the 22-foot tall magnet and the computerized control station for the magnet.
panorama_53C0AFFD_C96F_FD83_41E5_425652AC6E79.subtitle = HiPER (pronounced "hyper") combines a high-power microwave and a 9-tesla magnet to study materials and molecules.
panorama_53C0320C_C96E_C681_41C0_3698108D7A5A.subtitle = In the magnet factory, engineers and technicians build the coils that are at the heart of our powerful water-cooled electromagnets, also known as resistive magnets.
panorama_53C3E93E_C96E_C2FE_41BA_9F36B4F7E85B.subtitle = In this room, ductile metals can be drawn through dies to hundreds or even thousands of times smaller diameters while retaining their internal structure.
panorama_53DC94EC_C96E_4381_41D4_E0A26ECE8926.subtitle = In this shop, electronics engineers design and build specialized instrumentation and power systems for the laboratory. Many systems used at the lab are custom made.
panorama_53DC0C63_C96E_4287_41B1_6D34C656ED5D.subtitle = Liquid helium is used to cool magnets and scientific samples. The MagLab has built a system that recycles 85-90% of this critical non-renewable resource every year.
panorama_53DDD83B_C96F_C287_41E8_4A4986099187.subtitle = Technicians and machinists working in the machine and welding shop design, build, and repair high-end, custom parts for magnets, instruments, probes and more.
panorama_6EAF4815_C969_C28D_41E1_53583175A739.subtitle = The 21-tesla Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance (FT-ICR) Mass Spectrometer is a groundbreaking tool custom-built by Bruker Corporation in collaboration with the MagLab.
panorama_53C0D114_C96E_C282_41D2_D31022A6F069.subtitle = The Applied Superconductivity Center carries out a broad spectrum of research on superconducting materials, development, and applications.
panorama_53C0AD18_C96E_4282_4191_82293C4786B6.subtitle = The Cryogenics Laboratory is a fully equipped facility specializing in the science of extreme cold—temperatures as cold as outer space, at -456° Fahrenheit.
panorama_53C64153_C96E_4286_41E7_F72042574B98.subtitle = The MagLab control room is a command center for magnet operations. In this nerve center, 17 hours a day, highly trained technicians operate the MagLab's suite of magnet systems.
panorama_53C35414_C96E_4281_4131_3EC0F7D2C100.subtitle = The MagLab plant holds electrical gear, water treatment and cooling, cryogen systems, and other special equipment needed to operate the world’s most powerful magnets.
panorama_53C358E4_C96E_4382_41D8_F46CCC8C4179.subtitle = The MagLab’s 900 MHz ultrawide-bore magnet holds the world record as the most powerful MRI scanner for small animals, while also supporting advanced NMR research.
panorama_53C1256D_C96E_4283_41B3_D2D25FDDA79E.subtitle = The MilliKelvin Lab provides visiting scientists with three superconducting magnets with low temperature sampling environments.
panorama_53C5BE5A_C96E_DE81_41C1_F7A5BDD9D673.subtitle = The Scanning Electron Microscope is used to study the size, shape, texture, orientation, and composition of the tiny particles that make up a material.
panorama_53C00A77_C96E_C68F_41E0_031A387B861C.subtitle = The Transmission Electron Microscope is a powerful tool for materials research, a magnifier to see fine microstructures inside materials at the atomic level.
panorama_53DC4BD5_C96E_4580_41E0_FF6A19E1AE10.subtitle = The platforms above each magnet in our DC Field facility allow access to the cryostat which cools the sample, the bore where the probe with the sample is inserted, and the instrumentation attached to the probe.
panorama_53C06CBC_C96E_4382_41CB_F1E80610F7D5.subtitle = These two NMR magnet systems use processes called magic angle spinning and dynamic nuclear polarization to understand the atomic level structure of materials and frozen solutions.
panorama_53C30CFB_C96E_C387_41E5_2354C3D15E11.subtitle = This facility allows precision winding of spools or “pancakes” of high-temperature-superconductor tapes, known as REBCO tapes, which stands for rare-earth barium copper oxide.
panorama_53DDB4EA_C96E_C386_41D0_6A00FA69EED7.subtitle = This facility is used for precision winding of magnets made from a high-temperature-superconductor made of Bismuth, strontium, calcium, and copper-oxide, also known as Bi-2212.
panorama_53DCFBFC_C96F_C581_41D6_92175CDD296E.subtitle = This facility leads the world in Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry to chemically analyze everything from crude oil to pharmaceuticals.
panorama_53DD9BF7_C969_C58E_41D3_467903C1A05A.subtitle = This hybrid magnet combines a large superconducting magnet and a resistive magnet connected electrically in series, drawing less electricity and lowering energy costs.
panorama_53C78FFB_C96E_5D87_41D3_4D7C2A8154A5.subtitle = This is the crossroads of our DC Field Facility, home to 14 magnets, powered by 56 megawatts and spanning more than 15,000 square feet.
panorama_53C38543_C96E_C287_41C8_82BEDD61078D.subtitle = This is the entry point to the MagLab's office space and research areas, a gathering place for staff and visitors, and a space for education and outreach.
panorama_53DDB09D_C96E_4383_41DC_6E70D362BDFD.subtitle = This is the main entrance to the MagLab’s 300,000 square foot headquarters, located at Innovation Park in Tallahassee, Florida.
panorama_53C2C027_C969_C28E_41E4_5E4D8650BB74.subtitle = This is the most powerful all-superconducting magnet in the world. The engineers and technicians who designed and built it were recognized with a 2022 R&D 100 Award.
panorama_53C3D462_C96F_C281_41E7_0C5DF4610CF9.subtitle = This laboratory is used to build the largest superconducting and resistive pulsed magnets for the MagLab and other institutions around the world.
panorama_53C2A46E_C969_C29E_41E8_A5AAB9312A0D.subtitle = This magnet is an engineering marvel, with four ports to allow scientists to shoot light at samples in a high magnetic field.
panorama_53C14463_C96E_4286_41D6_72AD49A5A1E5.subtitle = This magnet is one of only two in the world that produce a 45 tesla continuous magnetic field. The 45T is made from a superconducting 11.5 tesla outer magnet with a resistive 33.5 tesla inner magnet.
panorama_53C167EF_C96E_CD9F_41E3_55CCDC003BF5.subtitle = This section of the magnet factory specializes in winding coils with high temperature superconducting (HTS) tape to produce coils reaching extremely high magnetic fields.
panorama_53CB98A0_C96E_4381_41E8_BA089B36399A.subtitle = This shop provides unique equipment used by scientists to evaluate the performance of materials used in construction of high field electromagnets.
model_50B13408_C979_C298_41D3_C7B139345624.subtitle = This virtual tour covers every corner of our world-leading laboratory. Use the arrows below to advance to the next stop. Click the colored dots on this diagram to explore by facility. Use the map icon in the upper right for an overview of all stops and to track your tour.
### Title
album_8C99C0CC_0242_C8FD_4185_C220B7B3DF5A_1.label = 14-5-tesla-icr-magnet
album_90B6669D_02C3_CB6B_4185_A862A01EF19D_0.label = 21 tesla icr magnet sample 1
album_90B6669D_02C3_CB6B_4185_A862A01EF19D_1.label = 21 tesla icr magnet sample 2
panorama_6EAF4815_C969_C28D_41E1_53583175A739.label = 21-tesla ICR magnet
album_90B6669D_02C3_CB6B_4185_A862A01EF19D.label = 21-tesla ICR magnet - Samples
panorama_53C2A46E_C969_C29E_41E8_A5AAB9312A0D.label = 25T Split Magnet
album_63FC680F_03C1_C769_4186_3AA497BCB82E.label = 32-tesla SC magnet - Helium bags
panorama_53C2C027_C969_C28E_41E4_5E4D8650BB74.label = 32-tesla Superconducting Magnet
photo_437307A2_2286_2233_41AC_312959BA1DEA.label = 32-tesla-nested-coils
photo_437307A2_2286_2233_41AC_312959BA1DEA.label = 32-tesla-nested-coils
album_7CC6B3C0_03DF_488A_417E_A20BC0FA9678_0.label = 36 tesla magnet shield 1
album_7CC6B3C0_03DF_488A_417E_A20BC0FA9678_1.label = 36 tesla magnet shield 2
album_7CC6B3C0_03DF_488A_417E_A20BC0FA9678.label = 36-tesla - Iron shield
panorama_53DC081B_C96E_4286_41D5_636CE8D9C16F.label = 41-tesla Magnet
album_4BFE4ED0_E8CC_585B_41E2_8520C379D07B.label = 41-tesla magnet - Probes
photo_43CF9536_7F44_4772_419C_E5CD18C37351.label = 41-tesla-probe-1
photo_43CF9536_7F44_4772_419C_E5CD18C37351.label = 41-tesla-probe-1
photo_4551B82E_7F44_4D15_41CF_CE05696782BD.label = 41-tesla-probe-2
photo_4551B82E_7F44_4D15_41CF_CE05696782BD.label = 41-tesla-probe-2
album_4D4F2D18_02C7_2B12_417A_286E43C4DFBB.label = 45 tesla magnet - Ground floor
album_4D4F2D18_02C7_2B12_417A_286E43C4DFBB_0.label = 45 tesla magnet ground floor 1
album_4D4F2D18_02C7_2B12_417A_286E43C4DFBB_1.label = 45 tesla magnet ground floor 2
album_4D4F2D18_02C7_2B12_417A_286E43C4DFBB_2.label = 45 tesla magnet ground floor 3
panorama_53C14463_C96E_4286_41D6_72AD49A5A1E5.label = 45-tesla Hybrid
album_4C0EDF2E_0242_E70E_4170_E9D531C50F94.label = 45-tesla platform - Bus tunnel
album_045D1055_2174_626E_41B6_31B8EEF0608C.label = 45-tesla platform - crane
panorama_53DC0066_C96E_428E_41C1_B6B58A4403B7.label = 45T Platform
album_8C99C0CC_0242_C8FD_4185_C220B7B3DF5A_0.label = 9-4-tesla-icr-magnet
album_19B3975F_2282_E233_41A4_D317A54BC3E1.label = 900 MHz MRI Probe
panorama_53C358E4_C96E_4382_41D8_F46CCC8C4179.label = 900 MHz Magnet
album_1BE8FE98_2282_623D_41B4_D11FBEE3BA83.label = 900 MHz NMR Probe
album_19B3975F_2282_E233_41A4_D317A54BC3E1_0.label = 900-mhz-mri-probe-tight-1
album_19B3975F_2282_E233_41A4_D317A54BC3E1_1.label = 900-mhz-mri-probe-tight-2
album_7FDFBC3A_5E90_CC44_41CA_6697889486AE.label = ASC - REBCO
panorama_53C38543_C96E_C287_41C8_82BEDD61078D.label = Atrium
album_9ACD0F67_E560_25EA_41D1_20BA220753A6.label = Atrium - Front Desk
album_7CFEFA48_ED20_2808_41E1_7C95377CDE75.label = Atrium - Gathering Spaces
album_74088086_E5E0_1B0F_41E4_DAAD2C363348.label = Atrium - Lab Founder
album_444EC541_EDE0_199E_41D2_E88020C046F1.label = Atrium - MagLab Artwork
album_7CFEFA48_ED20_2808_41E1_7C95377CDE75_0.label = Atrium Kids to Work
album_7CFEFA48_ED20_2808_41E1_7C95377CDE75_1.label = Atrium Open House 1
album_7CFEFA48_ED20_2808_41E1_7C95377CDE75_2.label = Atrium Open House 2
album_7CFEFA48_ED20_2808_41E1_7C95377CDE75_3.label = Atrium Open House 3
album_7CFEFA48_ED20_2808_41E1_7C95377CDE75_4.label = Atrium Posters
album_D7B02BAA_E9FC_D816_41B1_96B4C0FAB0B6_0.label = Broomfield 500 winder
album_4C0EDF2E_0242_E70E_4170_E9D531C50F94_0.label = Bus room 1
album_4C0EDF2E_0242_E70E_4170_E9D531C50F94_1.label = Bus room 2
album_4C0EDF2E_0242_E70E_4170_E9D531C50F94_2.label = Bus tunnel
panorama_53C64153_C96E_4286_41E7_F72042574B98.label = Control Room
album_55E311A3_EBCD_C892_41DF_8666EB39248E.label = Control room - Monitor
album_55E311A3_EBCD_C892_41DF_8666EB39248E_0.label = Control room diagram of power and cooling system
album_55E311A3_EBCD_C892_41DF_8666EB39248E_1.label = Control room monitor 1
album_55E311A3_EBCD_C892_41DF_8666EB39248E_2.label = Control room monitor 2
album_2EB845CC_ED20_18F0_41E8_F9C03013321A_0.label = Copper circles
album_2EB845CC_ED20_18F0_41E8_F9C03013321A_1.label = Copper plates
album_D7B02BAA_E9FC_D816_41B1_96B4C0FAB0B6_1.label = Crane 1
album_D7B02BAA_E9FC_D816_41B1_96B4C0FAB0B6_2.label = Crane 2
album_2EB845CC_ED20_18F0_41E8_F9C03013321A_2.label = Crate
panorama_53C0AD18_C96E_4282_4191_82293C4786B6.label = Cryogenics Lab
panorama_53C388D6_C96E_4381_41E3_057D9271EF3E.label = Cryogenics Lab Laser Room
panorama_53C78FFB_C96E_5D87_41D3_4D7C2A8154A5.label = DC Field
album_235EA061_0242_D935_4165_8774FE884C60_0.label = Deionization graphic
album_235EA061_0242_D935_4165_8774FE884C60_1.label = Deionized water system
album_5715D765_ED60_198D_41E8_FF83D2D61283_0.label = Disk stacking 1
album_5715D765_ED60_198D_41E8_FF83D2D61283_1.label = Disk stacking 2
album_5715D765_ED60_198D_41E8_FF83D2D61283_2.label = Disk stacking 3
album_5715D765_ED60_198D_41E8_FF83D2D61283_3.label = Disk stacking 4
panorama_53CB98A0_C96E_4381_41E8_BA089B36399A.label = Electro-Mechanical Testing
panorama_53DC94EC_C96E_4381_41D4_E0A26ECE8926.label = Electronics Shop
album_07774F4C_02C1_5BB8_416A_53B54D1DC17B.label = Electronics Shop - Wire Cable
album_53A3E150_0241_5B12_4180_55156969F919_1.label = Faraday cage 2
album_53A3E150_0241_5B12_4180_55156969F919_2.label = Faraday cage 3
album_1C1F7F67_CB29_C2CB_41E2_A29C53CAE0AE_0.label = Front door open house 1
album_1C1F7F67_CB29_C2CB_41E2_A29C53CAE0AE_1.label = Front door open house 2
album_1C1F7F67_CB29_C2CB_41E2_A29C53CAE0AE_2.label = Front door play lab 1
album_1C1F7F67_CB29_C2CB_41E2_A29C53CAE0AE_3.label = Front door play lab 2
panorama_53DC7894_C96F_C381_41E2_5B4CFDB98656.label = Helium Storage
panorama_53DC0C63_C96E_4287_41B1_6D34C656ED5D.label = Helium System
album_322CE2AF_0243_390D_4159_9ACD75150268.label = Helium System - Purifier
album_63FC680F_03C1_C769_4186_3AA497BCB82E_0.label = Helium bags 1
album_63FC680F_03C1_C769_4186_3AA497BCB82E_1.label = Helium bags 2
album_322CE2AF_0243_390D_4159_9ACD75150268_0.label = Helium piping 1
album_322CE2AF_0243_390D_4159_9ACD75150268_1.label = Helium piping 2
panorama_53C0AFFD_C96F_FD83_41E5_425652AC6E79.label = HiPER
album_91432A43_890C_F190_41DD_1BAACDAB68AE_0.label = HiPER-microwave-amplifier
album_91432A43_890C_F190_41DD_1BAACDAB68AE_1.label = HiPER-microwave-bridge
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### Video
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### Video Subtitles
## Right Click Menu
### Text
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## Skin
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HTMLText_65735F44_5024_957F_41B4_DDA2980C4D73.html = Awesome!
So close to finishing the hunt!
One last disk to discover.
HTMLText_63AD47CD_502C_950B_41C0_9C65FF9A6F3C.html = Congrats!
You’ve found your first bitter disk art
for the scavenger hunt!
HTMLText_666D263C_5027_970F_41D3_64B744DD1B35.html = Great job!
You’ve spotted the fourth piece
of bitter disk art.
HTMLText_65DAEEB6_5024_971B_41D0_6F04A88A1C15.html = You're halfway there!
Three out of six bitter disks discovered.
HTMLText_65CDBBAF_5023_9D08_41CC_AF34DE03D5B7.html = You’re on your way!
Two bitter disks discovered,
four more to go.
HTMLText_66300906_5024_BAFB_41D2_169B450CA38E.html = You did it!
You’ve found all six hidden bitter disks
for our scavenger hunt.
HTMLText_A0BACA91_82C6_1F94_41BD_E0517DF06BC0.html =
HTMLText_A65372FD_82C2_0F8C_41C0_3576AC40EBC0.html = Keep your eagle eyes scanning for more!
HTMLText_A64E34FB_82C6_0B94_41AE_FD1F855E7005.html = Look low, look high, look all around!
HTMLText_A786893C_8293_C20B_41CA_0BD4B203F6B1.html = Now keep a close eye out for five others.
HTMLText_A7DE6B23_82C2_1EB4_41D5_D14C1B00B9E1.html = Where are the other three?
HTMLText_B836AAA6_8346_1FBC_41DE_B0BC595B23B3.html = You are a MagLab science sleuth!
HTMLText_65735F44_5024_957F_41B4_DDA2980C4D73_mobile.html = Awesome!
So close to finishing the hunt!
One last disk to discover.
HTMLText_63AD47CD_502C_950B_41C0_9C65FF9A6F3C_mobile.html = Congrats!
You’ve found your first bitter
disk art for the scavenger hunt!
HTMLText_666D263C_5027_970F_41D3_64B744DD1B35_mobile.html = Great job!
You’ve spotted the fourth
piece of bitter disk art.
HTMLText_66300906_5024_BAFB_41D2_169B450CA38E_mobile.html = You did it!
You’ve found all six hidden
bitter disks for our scavenger hunt.
HTMLText_65DAEEB6_5024_971B_41D0_6F04A88A1C15_mobile.html = You're halfway there!
Three out of
six bitter disks discovered.
HTMLText_65CDBBAF_5023_9D08_41CC_AF34DE03D5B7_mobile.html = You’re on your way!
Two bitter disks discovered,
four more to go.
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HTMLText_A65372FD_82C2_0F8C_41C0_3576AC40EBC0_mobile.html = Keep your eagle eyes scanning for more!
HTMLText_A64E34FB_82C6_0B94_41AE_FD1F855E7005_mobile.html = Look low, look high,
look all around!
HTMLText_A786893C_8293_C20B_41CA_0BD4B203F6B1_mobile.html = Now keep a close eye out for five others.
HTMLText_A7DE6B23_82C2_1EB4_41D5_D14C1B00B9E1_mobile.html = Where are the other three?
HTMLText_B836AAA6_8346_1FBC_41DE_B0BC595B23B3_mobile.html = You are a MagLab science sleuth!
HTMLText_06695B26_2C39_B483_41A4_4C130AA3ACB6.html = How Strong are the MagLab’s Electromagnets?
HTMLText_06695B26_2C39_B483_41A4_4C130AA3ACB6_mobile.html = How Strong are the MagLab’s Electromagnets?
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HTMLText_1B56DC68_CB36_4242_41CE_7D4958F430E3.html = Applied Superconductivity Center Facility
Advancing the development and applications of superconductivity - the perfect flow of electrons through materials without any resistance.
EXPLORE FACILITY
HTMLText_0CD42EDC_CB2A_5E70_41D7_49C7761C0E06.html = Direct Current Field Facility
Using the world’s strongest magnets to uncover material properties, probe the quantum universe, and develop new technology.
EXPLORE FACILITY
HTMLText_1B6F88D0_CB3A_4243_41E4_973E7E4C6F4D.html = Electron Magnetic Resonance Facility
Exploring the spins of unpaired electrons to study quantum behavior.
EXPLORE FACILITY
HTMLText_0F9D0BA0_CB3F_C6C6_41DD_3506DA01F971.html = Ion Cyclotron Resonance Facility
Spinning complex liquids in a high magnetic field to precisely weigh and sort them down to a billionth of a gram.
EXPLORE FACILITY
HTMLText_0579755B_CB2A_4273_4183_E45FC0F9BDE6.html = Magnet Science & Technology Facility
Designing and building the next generation of world-record high-field research magnets.
EXPLORE FACILITY
HTMLText_11216689_CB36_4EDA_41E7_4346930D547C.html = Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility
Combining high fields and radio frequencies to probe the molecular structure of biological systems to understand health and disease.
EXPLORE FACILITY
HTMLText_FF3EF8AC_E8DF_FB8D_41CC_372727427D8E.html = A technician winds superconducting tape onto the coil of a magnet.
HTMLText_07FA82B1_01C3_C52C_419D_686FA5B42D0E.html = A CNC machine in action making a part for a magnet probe.
HTMLText_53126D22_084F_5EBB_41A6_2A2B50E87638.html = A closer look at one of several furnaces used to heat treat materials at the Applied Superconductivity Center.
HTMLText_53A46A37_08C9_5A99_41A1_2C69775BBF50.html = A closer look at one of the electromagnets in the high field coil testing facility.
HTMLText_D2CEFE6F_0241_5BDE_4181_DE03972E69C9.html = A closer look at the 14 tesla Magic Angle Spinning/Dynamic Nuclear Polarization magnet for nuclear magnetic resonance.
HTMLText_D52B15AD_E93C_4812_41E8_929E3C334A72.html = A closer look at the Broomfield 600 winder.
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HTMLText_5E76B7ED_EB7C_487E_41E2_93D8DB99E9B7.html = A diagram of the cryostat for the lab’s 25 tesla split magnet.
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HTMLText_5E72A7F0_EB7C_4866_41DE_2553B1D1BC31.html = A strawberry floats in the magnetic field inside the bore of a magnet.
HTMLText_FF3FC8B2_E8DF_FB95_41C6_97554C26B8A3.html = A superconducting magnet coil under construction.
HTMLText_08180A10_0E4E_C4FA_416D_333BB0F5593C.html = A thermal conductivity test puck (1” diameter), a sample is attached with a heater, and two temperature sensors.
HTMLText_2C0F46A7_EB54_48E4_41E3_93BC72D9AEB9.html = An engineering marvel, this unique 25 tesla magnet allows scientists to do never-before-possible experiments.
HTMLText_7DC6602C_03C7_C799_416E_C2E9C4B43512.html = Computer rendering of a protein structure.
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HTMLText_40BBEADB_0241_2916_417E_9CD4E526393C.html = How liquid helium compares to other extremely cold environments.
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HTMLText_507A97F7_0241_271D_417C_D999D7A68BD8.html = Pairs of electrons, called “Cooper Pairs,” don’t scatter in superconductivity but are linked together as they move across the lattice of a material.
HTMLText_522C694D_EDE0_29AA_41C5_74C4A6BACF9F.html = Pieces of insulation ready to go into a magnet coil during bitter disk stacking.
HTMLText_734EA052_E8DC_4872_41EC_E90154543551.html = Take a closer look at the 41T.
HTMLText_5228C954_EDE0_29BB_41EB_B45EAC5CD56A.html = Technicians sand bitter disks to ready them for use in a magnet coil.
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HTMLText_9A765B52_023F_D9E1_4189_2DE07BBC6373.html = The Eclipse hardware and software system that optimizes performance of the 21-T FT-ICR magnet system.
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HTMLText_5E71B7F8_EB7C_4866_416A_E61F48C3A7D6.html = The digital display for the MagLab’s Series Connected Hybrid magnet shows a reading of 18 tesla as the magnet is ramped up for research.
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HTMLText_646738DF_E934_3867_41EC_9294B0C14B84.html = The machine that wraps materials with insulation while the coil is being wound.
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HTMLText_D751792B_E9F5_D816_41D0_6D7E86ACD62D.html = The payoff that holds wire to be wound onto large magnet coils.
HTMLText_E2A221DC_02C2_C9FE_4168_8DBE435463A5.html = The quasi-optical table, which use a series of mirrors to propagate the microwave beam for the HiPER magnet.
HTMLText_56FDD34F_03C3_7F0E_4180_F8443D8E5400.html = The sights and sounds of a magnet quenching during testing at the MagLab.
HTMLText_31FF7E03_08CB_7A78_4193_19447AD747D8.html = These images show the progression of turbulence in superfluid liquid helium.
HTMLText_537A4A2C_085B_BA8F_41A5_B8DA2A812673.html = This is one of three swaging machines in the wire drawing and fabrication facility.
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HTMLText_53BBAA3A_08C9_5A8B_419B_3FBFB1D405EA.html = This magnet specializes in testing the strain generated by electromagnets called Lorentz force.
HTMLText_D2D35E74_0241_5BC2_4171_362D860DB982.html = This table allows scientists to split and control the microwave beam coming from the gyrotron.
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HTMLText_31FDBDFF_08CB_7988_4187_2FB32FD08B12.html = Video of liquid helium flow.
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HTMLText_08180A0D_0E4E_C4EA_4180_7169334DC1B8.html = Watch scientists using the MTS machine to test the amount of pressure needed to crush a bull’s skull.
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HTMLText_F3E6A000_02C3_45BA_4196_A443356AB600_mobile.html = A closer look at the HiPER magnet.
HTMLText_F3E57007_02C3_45C6_4197_A92E7305DEF3.html = A closer look at the microwave bridge.
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HTMLText_3C8B8554_0849_6E98_419D_1C63975DBC98.html = A scientist prepping a sample for the Transmission Electron Microscope.
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HTMLText_56F9134C_03C3_7F72_4177_3E3BA863ADCC.html = Pairs of electrons, called “Cooper Pairs,” don’t scatter in superconductivity but are linked together as they move across the lattice of a material.
HTMLText_56F9134C_03C3_7F72_4177_3E3BA863ADCC_mobile.html = Pairs of electrons, called “Cooper Pairs,” don’t scatter in superconductivity but are linked together as they move across the lattice of a material.
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HTMLText_F03B171D_02C3_4BB2_4198_AF50CE4CC360.html = The black cones that absorb unwanted microwaves around the HiPER magnet system.
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HTMLText_F03B171D_02C3_4BB2_4198_AF50CE4CC360_mobile.html = The black cones that absorb unwanted microwaves around the HiPER magnet system.
HTMLText_F3EA900A_02C3_45CE_417B_C4493EC253D2_mobile.html = The black cones that absorb unwanted microwaves around the HiPER magnet system.
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HTMLText_5C2839DC_0849_798F_4159_908B00A939D2.html = This magnet specializes in testing the strain generated by electromagnets called Lorentz force.
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HTMLText_FF3EF8AC_E8DF_FB8D_41CC_372727427D8E_mobile.html = A technician winds superconducting tape onto the coil of a magnet.
HTMLText_07FA82B1_01C3_C52C_419D_686FA5B42D0E_mobile.html = A CNC machine in action making a part for a magnet probe.
HTMLText_53126D22_084F_5EBB_41A6_2A2B50E87638_mobile.html = A closer look at one of several furnaces used to heat treat materials at the Applied Superconductivity Center.
HTMLText_53A46A37_08C9_5A99_41A1_2C69775BBF50_mobile.html = A closer look at one of the electromagnets in the high field coil testing facility.
HTMLText_D2CEFE6F_0241_5BDE_4181_DE03972E69C9_mobile.html = A closer look at the 14 tesla Magic Angle Spinning/Dynamic Nuclear Polarization magnet for nuclear magnetic resonance.
HTMLText_D52B15AD_E93C_4812_41E8_929E3C334A72_mobile.html = A closer look at the Broomfield 600 winder.
HTMLText_E2A6A1D9_02C2_C9C6_419C_92BA4E2EBCCD_mobile.html = A closer look at the HiPER magnet.
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HTMLText_D2D29E76_0241_5BCE_4165_A58CE7E79C8C_mobile.html = A closer look at the gyrotron, which can produce microwaves for probing samples on two magnets.
HTMLText_5C1037D0_0848_A997_4194_0836A1F19A97_mobile.html = A closer look at the larger-bore magnet to test superconductors.
HTMLText_07FA82BC_01C3_C514_418A_56302673D225_mobile.html = A closer look at the machine shop’s bandsaw.
HTMLText_5C29D9E4_0849_79BF_4181_C59886F98B22_mobile.html = A closer look at the machine used to draw metal billets into wire.
HTMLText_5C2AC9D8_0849_7997_41A5_ED229900EC60_mobile.html = A closer look at the machine used to thin and lengthen wires for use in superconducting magnets.
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HTMLText_569C89F5_0247_2B12_417D_18516AD08055_mobile.html = A dewar being filled with liquid helium in the lab’s DC Field facility.
HTMLText_5E76B7ED_EB7C_487E_41E2_93D8DB99E9B7_mobile.html = A diagram of the cryostat for the lab’s 25 tesla split magnet.
HTMLText_715726A3_EB34_48FF_41E4_4C993D391B67_mobile.html = A kit used for the tedious work of readying a small sample for an experiment.
HTMLText_4FF2FED9_02C1_6915_4180_BF57E268D94E_mobile.html = A lock-in amplifier displays signal readings from a tiny sample being measured inside a magnet system.
HTMLText_344B0D27_08D8_BEB9_417F_A5D286E6E712_mobile.html = A look at helium billowing from a system during a catastrophic vacuum break.
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HTMLText_3C84C55D_0849_6E88_4168_83F453A2B566_mobile.html = A scientist loads the sample holder into the sample chamber of the Transmission Electron Microscope.
HTMLText_3C8B8554_0849_6E98_419D_1C63975DBC98_mobile.html = A scientist prepping a sample for the Transmission Electron Microscope.
HTMLText_5E72A7F0_EB7C_4866_41DE_2553B1D1BC31_mobile.html = A strawberry floats in the magnetic field inside the bore of a magnet.
HTMLText_FF3FC8B2_E8DF_FB95_41C6_97554C26B8A3_mobile.html = A superconducting magnet coil under construction.
HTMLText_08180A10_0E4E_C4FA_416D_333BB0F5593C_mobile.html = A thermal conductivity test puck (1” diameter), a sample is attached with a heater, and two temperature sensors.
HTMLText_2C0F46A7_EB54_48E4_41E3_93BC72D9AEB9_mobile.html = An engineering marvel, this unique 25 tesla magnet allows scientists to do never-before-possible experiments.
HTMLText_7DC6602C_03C7_C799_416E_C2E9C4B43512_mobile.html = Computer rendering of a protein structure.
HTMLText_30A24625_0241_593D_4175_8AA077D29880_mobile.html = Dewars are filled with liquid helium in the cryogenics area of the MagLab’s DC Field facility after the helium is purified, compressed, and liquefied.
HTMLText_695F4B12_E8CC_D9F6_41A0_199223D292CD_mobile.html = Each magnet cell in the lab’s DC Field facility is marked with its number.
HTMLText_3EA1ABA8_0241_2F33_417B_513557C4C276_mobile.html = Frost forms on hoses and valves and frozen water vapor clouds the air as super-cold liquid helium is pumped between dewars.
HTMLText_1C0E4373_01FF_5F15_417A_A7141ECC5F07_mobile.html = Gauges on heat exchangers showing temperature and PSI.
HTMLText_40BBEADB_0241_2916_417E_9CD4E526393C_mobile.html = How liquid helium compares to other extremely cold environments.
HTMLText_82D6C6B9_03C1_C881_4178_94956F952BBD_mobile.html = In the pit below the magnet, a scientist loads a probe into the 900 MHz, 21.1 tesla magnet known as the world’s strongest MRI.
HTMLText_82DA76B2_03C1_C883_4166_43CEC3B6B9DC_mobile.html = MRI probe for pre-clinical imaging
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HTMLText_4FECBEDE_02C1_690F_416D_05E706C213E0_mobile.html = Meet the 45-tesla Hybrid Magnet.
HTMLText_8CC11048_0242_C7FA_4189_3F1881F30320_mobile.html =
HTMLText_208C8683_0247_39F5_4173_EBB5825B26E9_mobile.html = One of the massive chillers used to make cold water to help cool magnets.
HTMLText_507A97F7_0241_271D_417C_D999D7A68BD8_mobile.html = Pairs of electrons, called “Cooper Pairs,” don’t scatter in superconductivity but are linked together as they move across the lattice of a material.
HTMLText_522C694D_EDE0_29AA_41C5_74C4A6BACF9F_mobile.html = Pieces of insulation ready to go into a magnet coil during bitter disk stacking.
HTMLText_734EA052_E8DC_4872_41EC_E90154543551_mobile.html = Take a closer look at the 41T.
HTMLText_5228C954_EDE0_29BB_41EB_B45EAC5CD56A_mobile.html = Technicians sand bitter disks to ready them for use in a magnet coil.
HTMLText_34492D29_08D8_BE89_4187_2BAA48C3B6B7_mobile.html = The 14-tesla magnet system used for superfluid helium levitation research.
HTMLText_3FFDCCB5_1934_24C6_418E_132D2221E551_mobile.html = The American flag and plaque that were sent to the MagLab to hang above the flagship 45-tesla magnet.
HTMLText_9A765B52_023F_D9E1_4189_2DE07BBC6373_mobile.html = The Eclipse hardware and software system that optimizes performance of the 21-T FT-ICR magnet system.
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HTMLText_654CEFBE_E934_5828_41E4_46F5BBA163FB_mobile.html = The VPI chamber which is used to insulate magnet coils in epoxy.
HTMLText_E2A021E2_02C2_C9C5_4171_D8C80B6A7C92_mobile.html = The black cones that absorb unwanted microwaves around the HiPER magnet system.
HTMLText_57534B60_0FC8_DAB7_4193_FC0F46FA8D4B_mobile.html = The bobbin winder is used to prep fibers for use in the wire braider.
HTMLText_52B0E6F3_0849_6B99_4197_B36F42F72157_mobile.html = The bull block, among the machines used to reduce the diameter of resistive wires.
HTMLText_1DC6C15D_01C6_DB12_4151_13B05243DB9C_mobile.html = The chilled water pumps move cold water through magnets while they operate-- enough water to fill a hundred bathtubs every minute.
HTMLText_4F25025E_6EAE_048C_41C4_41EA5D9B0C4A_mobile.html = The computer control terminal for the 45T hybrid magnet.
HTMLText_20AEA9E5_0247_2B3D_4149_EAB3C5477412_mobile.html = The cooling towers that release heat from magnets into the atmosphere.
HTMLText_08180A13_0E4E_C4FE_4187_E330BC32EB66_mobile.html = The critical current testing system places superconducting wires in a high magnetic field to measure how electricity flows through them.
HTMLText_5E71B7F8_EB7C_4866_416A_E61F48C3A7D6_mobile.html = The digital display for the MagLab’s Series Connected Hybrid magnet shows a reading of 18 tesla as the magnet is ramped up for research.
HTMLText_30BBE61E_0241_590F_4144_FF69DFAB807E_mobile.html = The helium compressor building at the back of the lab’s DC Field Facility.
HTMLText_695B3B16_E8CC_D9FE_41E4_F1C940B2B714_mobile.html = The informational sign outside Magnet Cell 7 in the DC Field Facility.
HTMLText_5033D235_0FB8_AA99_4189_065F054A82DA_mobile.html = The insulation braiding machine, which can braid wires that are several miles long quickly, reliably, and consistently.
HTMLText_07FA82B4_01C3_C514_416C_23BBE1F5CF99_mobile.html = The lathe in action. It can be used on metal, wood, glass, and pottery.
HTMLText_97038E9F_024F_D89D_417B_FFFE070AC175_mobile.html = The liquid chromotography equipment and computer in front of the 21-T FT-ICR magnet.
HTMLText_07FA82B7_01C3_C514_4180_B229AC797DFF_mobile.html = The manual milling machine operates by moving the work piece against a rotating cutter.
HTMLText_20B3DD96_0241_6B1F_4163_13CAB29B43C8_mobile.html = The massive water tanks behind the MagLab that together hold more than 4 million gallons of chilled water for magnet operations.
HTMLText_3C865558_0849_6E88_419D_B21077E06228_mobile.html = The mats at the entrance to the MagLab’s Transmission Electron Microscope room.
HTMLText_3F4BC4A5_0879_EFB8_4199_30DA838972AF_mobile.html = The nozzle seen here on the top right in the sample chamber is the Focused Ion Beam for sculpting or cutting materials on the nano-meter scale.
HTMLText_82DB96AC_03C1_C887_4181_C4A87C0687F6_mobile.html = The operating console for the 900 MHz, 21T magnet known as the world’s strongest MRI.
HTMLText_D751792B_E9F5_D816_41D0_6D7E86ACD62D_mobile.html = The payoff that holds wire to be wound onto large magnet coils.
HTMLText_E2A221DC_02C2_C9FE_4168_8DBE435463A5_mobile.html = The quasi-optical table, which use a series of mirrors to propagate the microwave beam for the HiPER magnet.
HTMLText_56FDD34F_03C3_7F0E_4180_F8443D8E5400_mobile.html = The sights and sounds of a magnet quenching during testing at the MagLab.
HTMLText_31FF7E03_08CB_7A78_4193_19447AD747D8_mobile.html = These images show the progression of turbulence in superfluid liquid helium.
HTMLText_537A4A2C_085B_BA8F_41A5_B8DA2A812673_mobile.html = This is one of three swaging machines in the wire drawing and fabrication facility.
HTMLText_575D29C0_0FCF_F9F7_4185_4F7C21205294_mobile.html = This machine allows coil winding using multiple spools of wire and additional strengthening fibers at the same time.
HTMLText_53BBAA3A_08C9_5A8B_419B_3FBFB1D405EA_mobile.html = This magnet specializes in testing the strain generated by electromagnets called Lorentz force.
HTMLText_D2D35E74_0241_5BC2_4171_362D860DB982_mobile.html = This table allows scientists to split and control the microwave beam coming from the gyrotron.
HTMLText_F2CB80F0_340A_B147_41AE_3C2D92FF9D24_mobile.html = Two technicians work underneath a magnet coil in the magnet factory's clean room.
HTMLText_31FDBDFF_08CB_7988_4187_2FB32FD08B12_mobile.html = Video of liquid helium flow.
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HTMLText_9693B748_02C7_49EF_4188_F6569EB4E8AE_mobile.html = Watch a video about the 21T FT-ICR magnet.
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HTMLText_2C0166A9_EB54_48EC_41E1_B01D4F9C4379_mobile.html = You’ll see lots of these signs around the 25T magnet when optical experiments are in progress.
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HTMLText_1B56DC68_CB36_4242_41CE_7D4958F430E3_mobile.html = Applied Superconductivity Center Facility
Advancing the development and applications of superconductivity - the perfect flow of electrons through materials without any resistance.
EXPLORE FACILITY
HTMLText_0CD42EDC_CB2A_5E70_41D7_49C7761C0E06_mobile.html = Direct Current Field Facility
Using the world’s strongest magnets to uncover material properties, probe the quantum universe, and develop new technology.
EXPLORE FACILITY
HTMLText_1B6F88D0_CB3A_4243_41E4_973E7E4C6F4D_mobile.html = Electron Magnetic Resonance Facility
Exploring the spins of unpaired electrons to study quantum behavior.
EXPLORE FACILITY
HTMLText_0F9D0BA0_CB3F_C6C6_41DD_3506DA01F971_mobile.html = Ion Cyclotron Resonance Facility
Spinning complex liquids in a high magnetic field to precisely weigh and sort them down to a billionth of a gram.
EXPLORE FACILITY
HTMLText_0579755B_CB2A_4273_4183_E45FC0F9BDE6_mobile.html = Magnet Science & Technology Facility
Designing and building the next generation of world-record high-field research magnets.
EXPLORE FACILITY
HTMLText_11216689_CB36_4EDA_41E7_4346930D547C_mobile.html = Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility
Combining high fields and radio frequencies to probe the molecular structure of biological systems to understand health and disease.
EXPLORE FACILITY
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HTMLText_D2CE9E6F_0241_5BDE_4189_4CB57985D72A.html = 14-tesla MAS DNP Magnet
This instrument was made by Bruker but modified by MagLab to make it unique in the world with capabilities such as continuous operation for long experiments.
Magic Angle Spinning is a technique used to improve resolution during nuclear magnetic resonance. It involves rapidly rotating the sample around an axis at a very specific angle of 54.74° within a magnetic field. This rotation helps to average out variations in the signal depending on orientation to the magnetic field, helping scientists “see” the sample better.
Just how fast does it spin? 50,000 times per second. Compare that to a dentist drill, which whirls around about 7,000 times a second, or a race car engine that can spin up to 250 times per second.
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization is a technique used to enhance the sensitivity of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance by transferring polarization from unpaired electron spins to spins in the nucleus. This transfer increases the NMR signal intensity, allowing for faster data acquisition and the detection of subtle structural details.
HTMLText_31C5AD62_190D_E442_41AF_BDC119374AAB.html = 20-ton Crane
A giant crane looms in the rafters to hoist heavy magnet parts, equipment, and instrumentation onto the three-story high 45T platform. With a 20-ton load capacity, the crane is strong enough to lift a coach bus full of passengers, or even a whale shark!
HTMLText_57527B62_0FC8_DABB_419C_931CE1F6EC62.html = 4-Spindle Bobbin Winder
This machine spools fibers onto smaller bobbins ready to be used in the adjacent wire braider.
HTMLText_F038C71F_02C3_4BAE_419C_0639402E9DCF.html = Assembly and Testing Bench
This is the area where precision assembly and testing of circuit boards and other projects takes place. Here, engineers and technicians use tools like soldering irons, screwdrivers, and pliers to assemble components. Instruments such as oscilloscopes, multimeters, and signal generators are used for testing, troubleshooting, and verifying the performance of assembled circuits.
HTMLText_07FA82BD_01C3_C514_4171_5F972DC4B139.html = Bandsaw
A bandsaw has a long, sharp blade of toothed metal stretched between two or more wheels to cut material. Band saws are used principally in woodworking, metalworking, and lumbering, but may cut a variety of materials.
HTMLText_30A21626_0241_593F_4163_933899D177B2.html = Big-K Compressor
The Big-K Compressor takes the purified helium gas and compresses it to a pressure of 13 atmospheres (or 188 pounds per square inch). This is the last stop for gas before it is sent to the helium liquefier.
HTMLText_5E7057F4_EB7C_486E_41C9_C1D1D8B95E2C.html = Bore
The small hole at the center of the magnet where the sample is placed is called the bore. Even though the magnets and surrounding infrastructure are quite massive, bores are tiny. Among the lab’s water-cooled resistive magnets, bores are just an inch or two in diameter.
HTMLText_D7ADF9C3_E9F4_5816_41EA_3FC4B25C243E.html = Broomfield 500 Winder
The Broomfield 500 winder is set up to wind long medium-weight coils. It is also used to hold spools of wire for respooling onto the payoff.
HTMLText_D534B5AD_E93C_4812_41E5_D5B6AF74002A.html = Broomfield 600 Winder
The Large Coil Fabrication Lab houses major equipment used to wind, heat treat, and fill with epoxy, coils up to several tons in weight. The Broomfield 600 winder is used to wind coils up to 10 tons.
The Large Coil Fabrication Lab is where the MagLab’s flagship magnets are built.
Coils were built here for the MagLab’s 45T hybrid magnet, the Ultra-Wide Bore 900 MHz NMR magnet known as the world’s strongest MRI, the MagLab Series Connected Hybrid magnet, and the 100T pulsed magnet, to name a few.
HTMLText_52B166F5_0849_6B99_4183_26A6C2112F8C.html = Bull Block
This “bull block” is a powerful machine that is needed to reduce high strength high conductivity wire in diameter. These resistive wires are required for magnets that generate ultra-high magnetic fields.
HTMLText_505E9624_0242_F933_4184_4C1F2438C6F7.html = Bus Tunnel
Accessible from the 45T platform, a 400-foot-long strip of aluminum bars known as bus bars run above all of the DC Field magnet cells, serving as a superhighway for electricity. The bus bars act as low-resistance pathways for direct current to flow from the power supplies to each magnet. Remote actuated switches allow each magnet to be connected to any combination of power supplies.
HTMLText_695B4B16_E8CC_D9FE_41C0_1559A330C14D.html = Cell Markings
Each cell is marked with information on the magnet housed there. This includes the type of magnet, how much power it uses, and its strength, measured in tesla.
The info also includes the size of the bore, the hole at the center of the magnet where a sample is placed for study.
HTMLText_3EBFCBA8_0241_2F33_4154_E7E5B656CB00.html = Central Distribution Box
The liquid helium produced by the main liquefier feeds into the Central Distribution Box, allowing it to flow to the Mega-Mo storage dewar, along with the 45T Hybrid magnet, and the 36T Series Connected Hybrid magnet.
HTMLText_208E7685_0247_39FD_414E_938CF88E5945.html = Chillers
The chillers say Trane on the side because that’s the company that makes them. But they might as well say train—as in a locomotive—because that’s about how big they are. These beasts are used to make a huge amount of cold water. They work on the same principle as a home air conditioner, but instead of cooling air, they cool water. The chillers transfer the heat from the chilled water system into the cooling tower system. The cooling towers transfer that heat energy to the atmosphere. Each chiller uses 6,000 gallons per minute of cooling tower water and 2,000 gallons per minute of chilled water.
HTMLText_F2CB60F2_340A_B14B_41C7_F5D07B4F75E4.html = Clean Room
This room just off the main magnet factory area has its own air system to minimize dust as technicians work on magnet coils. The clean room also has two 3-ton cranes used to move and flip coils along with a special table allowing access to the underside of coils to remove or install parts.
After coils are fully built, the clean room has a press to simulate the powerful forces the magnet will endure when it's energized and equipment to test voltage across the coil and the strength and uniformity of the magnetic field produced.
HTMLText_309891E4_08CF_69B8_419E_13B0C121F4F8.html = Climate Control Panels
These metal panels on the wall, cooled by water pipes, help regulate the temperature in the microscope room.
HTMLText_575D59C1_0FCF_F9F9_4191_BD1179F55DB5.html = Coil Winding Machine
After the Bi-2212 has been braided with ceramic insulation, it is wound into a magnet coil using this coil-winding machine. The winding machine is designed for precision coil winding, giving us accurate control of wire placement and back-tension as well as real-time data on winding parameters. This machine is equipped with both winding and unwinding capabilities to ensure high-quality magnets.
HTMLText_5577A6D2_EB34_48B0_41E0_6758F3B73A13.html = Console and Monitors
The Control Room is located right next to and overlooks the plant, which houses much of the equipment used to operate magnets. Magnet operation is monitored and analyzed using a custom computerized control system that automates electrical power, cooling water, chillers, pumps, compressed air, cryogens, and more. At the control system console and monitors, operators send and receive all the information needed to run the facility.
HTMLText_4F26C260_6EAE_04B4_41D8_2210B3E26D25.html = Control Terminal
This collection of computers is where scientists and technicians operate the 45T magnet and its complex hybrid system which combines a resistive magnet cooled by water and a superconducting magnet cooled with liquid helium. The control terminal is located across the platform from the magnet, away from the fringe magnetic field.
HTMLText_20AFF9E6_0247_2B3F_417C_5A7D667A96DC.html = Cooling Towers
Four cooling towers, each 30 feet tall and together 144 feet long, have fans as big as helicopter blades to help release the cooling water system’s heat energy into the atmosphere.
HTMLText_5E7717ED_EB7C_487E_41D1_501942A04584.html = Cryostat
The top of magnets are outfitted with cryostats, refrigeration systems that utilize a combination of insulation, liquid nitrogen, liquid helium, and vacuum pumps to precisely maintain a range of temperatures from colder than outer space, as low as -459° Fahrenheit, to comfy room temperature of about 80° Fahrenheit.
The cryostat system extends to the center of the magnetic field inside the magnet bore and provides a temperature regulated, electromagnetic interference-shielded environment for the experiment.
HTMLText_3F34B88C_08C9_A78F_419F_AC51757D7C63.html = Data
Gathering data while the sample is under the microscope also takes several hours.
HTMLText_F3E52007_02C3_45C6_4162_76FA0ED8EDB0.html = Design Station
An electronics design station is a versatile work area set up to provide tools and equipment needed by engineers for the design, development, and testing of electronic systems and devices, from concept to prototype. This area enables engineers and designers to bring their ideas to life.
HTMLText_5232394B_EDE0_29AE_41E7_7719211877AB.html = Disk Inspection & Stacking
Bitter disks are the fundamental components of our resistive electromagnets. In this area, the disks, made of copper and silver, are closely inspected for defects before going into a magnet. Even a small defect could cause the magnet to fail. Disks are stacked in a tightly packed helix, like a slinky or a spiral staircase, to form a magnet coil. Multiple coils are nested inside of each other to build a powerful electromagnet. Massive amounts of electricity are run through the coils to produce a high magnetic field at their center, called the bore of the magnet. To prevent all that electricity from overheating the magnet, large volumes of cold, deionized water are pumped through the coils.
HTMLText_5C2BE9DA_0849_798B_4192_A2416FE5BE6D.html = Drawbench
Engineers and technicians fabricate composite conductors from stacks of metal rods that can include high strength alloys, superconductors, or superconductor powder in metal tubes that will later be reacted in a heat treatment to form fine-filament, high-current superconductors. The drawbench pulls wire through a small die that reduces the wire’s diameter while making the wire longer. Wires fabricated in this laboratory are initially assembled at much larger size than can be tested or wound into a magnet, and by passing the wire through this machine multiple times with successively smaller dies the wire can be reduced to the required diameter.
HTMLText_3C86E559_0849_6E88_4195_F238D42218E9.html = Dust Mats
These sticky mats are in the entry to the microscope room. They collect dust and dirt off of shoes to limit particles that could interfere with the microscope and sample.
HTMLText_9A78AB54_023F_D9E1_4174_337F16ED8CD5.html = Eclipse
The Eclipse hardware and software system forms the front-end instrumentation that powers the 21-tesla FT-ICR. Eclipse optimizes the magnet's performance, ensuring fast and efficient data processing with the highest resolution and accuracy.
HTMLText_3F4B14A5_0879_EFB8_419D_46D074D98288.html = Focused Ion Beam
The microscope is often used to examine materials used for building magnets, such as copper-silver bitter disks and superconducting wires. The Focused Ion Beam can sculpt or cut materials on the nano-meter scale, or a billionth of a meter. To put that in perspective, a single human hair is 100,000 nanometers thick.
HTMLText_9F22AEE0_E520_24EE_41C8_B86D90A7FA94.html = Front Desk
The front desk is a busy spot where visitors are constantly checking in, including tours and school groups, but especially scientists. Between 1,500 and 2,000 researchers from around the world visit the lab every year. There is no cost to conduct research at the MagLab as long as scientists publish their results.
HTMLText_1AF3DAD4_CB2F_C3C1_41E0_F5E740EAE5EB.html = Front Doors
The front of the MagLab’s headquarters welcomes scientists from around the world who come here to conduct research. It’s also where we host the public for tours and roll out the red carpet for thousands of visitors from the community during our annual Open House every February.
HTMLText_6D96C136_E93C_4838_41E3_C22DD4FD7F07.html = Furnace
The Mellen furnace heat treats coils or other components up to 1650° F in a controlled atmosphere.
HTMLText_5311AD23_084F_5EB9_4187_FFEF5D2E4D08.html = Furnaces
Superconducting wires need to be heat treated to obtain their best properties. In this room, multiple furnaces are available for heat treating strands in suitable lengths for testing their properties.
HTMLText_7E099D4D_ED20_680A_41E6_49D9BED2E135.html = Gathering Spaces
The large open atrium provides a place for MagLab staff, researchers, students, and visitors to gather for conversation and collaboration. It’s also the hub of activity for the annual Open House, when thousands of people visit the lab.
HTMLText_8777E96F_3439_9358_41C2_295DFBF8F701.html = Go on a virtual tour scavenger hunt!
Find bitter disks around the lab.
Bitter disks, the fundamental components of our electromagnets, are incorporated in signs, decorations, and artwork around the lab.
We challenge you to spot 6 bitter disk decorations on the virtual tour.
They’ll turn purple when you hover over them. Click on them and we’ll keep score to see if you can find all 6!
Look around carefully. Some are obvious. Others are much more subtle.
Good luck and have fun!
HTMLText_4C1A9F2E_02CF_670E_417D_C0A4554B44B1.html = Ground floor
From the ground floor, you can see the pipes that feed cooling water to the resistive magnet at the center of the 45T, and the cables that wire massive amounts of electricity to the magnet coils. The large gray cylinder at the top is the outer magnet housing.
HTMLText_D2D13E76_0241_5BCE_4171_CBD7B651B3CE.html = Gyrotron
The gyrotron is a microwave source. The microwaves produced are in a form easy to manipulate and direct toward samples.
HTMLText_1C0F7373_01FF_5F15_413A_7F7241B7297C.html = Heat Exchangers
The cooling water, which went into the magnet at 42°F, comes out at about 120°F. The large heat exchangers are used to transfer all that thermal energy into the chilled water system. They work sort of like a radiator in a car. Each one is capable of removing massive amounts of heat from the magnet cooling water system.
HTMLText_30BB861F_0241_590D_4155_20936FCD983E.html = Helium Compressor Building
This room is in a special building behind the lab’s DC Field facility which houses the helium compressor and related equipment. Helium is recovered at locations around the lab as it’s being used to cool magnets and experiments. As the liquid helium absorbs heat from a magnet, it boils, and the helium vapor travels through a network of plumbing to helium bags. Once the bags inflate to a certain level, a compressor is turned on which draws gas out of the recovery bags, sending it to the purifier.
HTMLText_569ED9F8_0247_2B12_415E_3BB97DEC854C.html = Helium Dewars
Superconducting magnets must be at a very low temperature to operate, so they’re kept in a bath of liquid helium. Helium is stored in large vacuum-sealed tanks called dewars.
HTMLText_53A42A38_08C9_5A97_41A0_A98FEDFA15B3.html = High-Field Conductor and Coil Testing
Here, ASC evaluates electrical, magnetic, and mechanical performance of superconducting wires, tapes, cables, and magnets within high-field magnet testbeds.
The room contains five magnets with varying field strengths, bore sizes, and instrumentation for testing of many variables.
HTMLText_5C29B9E4_0849_79BF_41A5_946E10C0814C.html = Hydrostatic Extrusion Press
This press is used to extrude large superconducting composite billets into wire.
HTMLText_97EC463F_025E_CB99_4183_3A970193CCFB.html = ICR Magnets
The main room of the ICR facility includes a 14.5 tesla FT-ICR magnet and two 9.4 tesla FT-ICR magnets.
HTMLText_969C9749_02C7_49E1_413E_1101C6252C12.html = ICR Technology
The magnet has cutting-edge Ion Cyclotron Resonance (ICR) technology. Charged particles are trapped, spun, and analyzed within the 21-Tesla magnetic field, enabling the identification of a vast number of unique molecules in a single sample.
HTMLText_522C394D_EDE0_29AA_41BD_7AB997EEC47D.html = Insulation
Insulation is a critical component installed during disk stacking. The insulation is inspected for defects, then cut down to size for fitting to the disks. Insulation is placed precisely between each disk during stacking to ensure electricity is flowing evenly through the coil.
HTMLText_50310236_0FB8_AA9B_41A7_B830EFDD1A6A.html = Insulation Braiding Machine
Our in-house braiding machine allows us to braid wires to provide electrical insulation and mechanical strength. Using this machine, high-strength fibers are braided around the round wire Bi-2212 to achieve compact magnets that can support high stresses at fields of more than 25 tesla. Having our own braiding machine allows us to significantly lower total conductor costs as well as provide us with the opportunity to experiment with new types of insulation. All magnet materials must be able to endure an extreme temperature range, up to 1650° F and as low as -450 °F during magnet operation.
HTMLText_646748E0_E934_3859_41B5_EB8F584BA06E.html = Insulation Machine
The insulation machine wraps the wire with insulation materials while the coil is being wound. The insulation is typically fiberglass, or a combination of fiberglass and a high-performance material called Kapton film.
HTMLText_917F6ABA_0247_58A1_4149_A00512322E06.html = Ionization Techniques
Samples must be ionized, or given a charge, so that they will respond to the high magnetic field inside the mass spectrometer. Various ionization techniques are crucial for achieving high resolution mass spectrometry.
HTMLText_7DC99024_03C7_C789_4186_5FC5DDA14131.html = Iron Shield
The octagonal iron shield around this magnet is made of 4-inch-thick steel plates, each weighing 38,000 pounds. The shield helps contain the enormous fringe magnetic field generated by the 36-tesla Series Connected Hybrid magnet so that neighboring magnet cells are not affected.
HTMLText_3EAC7BA5_0241_2F3D_415C_E83EF2FA58E6.html = LR280 Helium Liquefier
The Linde LR280 helium liquefier is the main helium liquefier at the MagLab. Here, compressed helium gas is pre-cooled by a liquid nitrogen heat exchanger down to about -319°F. Then heat exchangers with fast-spinning turbines cool the gas even more, to a super-chill -447°F. Finally, the helium gas goes through a special valve that causes it to rapidly expand and cool down even further, becoming liquid.
The LR280 has the capacity to produce about 52 gallons of liquid helium every hour.
HTMLText_9F2E7EE0_E520_24EE_41EB_7E90A242090E.html = Lab Partners
The front of the atrium showcases the lab’s key partners.
This investment pays off, as every dollar of funding generates more than six dollars of economic activity for the community, the state, and the country.
HTMLText_07FA82B4_01C3_C514_4180_86ECAEEA08C6.html = Lathe
A lathe rotates a workpiece around an axis to perform various operations such as sanding, facing, turning, drilling, and threading, creating an object with symmetry around the axis.
HTMLText_97033EA2_024F_D8A7_4183_70615E015A75.html = Liquid Chromatography
Liquid Chromatography is used to separate components in a sample before it enters the 21-tesla FT-ICR. This enhances the instrument's ability to analyze complex mixtures, ensuring greater accuracy.
HTMLText_31FEFE05_08CB_7A78_4190_5991A4D34F15.html = Liquid Helium Flow Visualization Facility
This one-of-a-kind research apparatus generates and images highly turbulent fluid flows in the superfluid phase of liquid helium. The facility can provide direct visualization of highly turbulent fluid flows without the need for a full-scale wind tunnel.
HTMLText_52297952_EDE0_29BF_41EC_E38E9DFF75F2.html = Long Table
This is a prepping area for stacking coils of bitter disks, the fundamental components of our electromagnets. The disks carry the electricity that powers the magnets and creates a high magnetic field.
Parts are collected here and counted out precisely to be ready for coil building. A stacking plan will also be laid out and reviewed before stacking begins.
HTMLText_82D846B5_03C1_C881_4182_F07CE0A8C721.html = MRI Probe
This magnet’s four-inch bore allows imaging of living small animals such as rodents and birds for preclinical biomedical research. The MRI probe uses radio signals to create detailed images of the internal structures in those animals. The probe has a radio frequency coil to send and receive signals. Coils come in various types, including single loop coils, butterfly coils, birdcage coils, figure-8 coils, and array coils. They are designed to obtain maximum signal-to-noise ratio from different regions of the body, ensuring the best possible image quality.
HTMLText_08180A0E_0E4E_C4E6_418F_19F32394F97A.html = MTS Tensile Machine
This tensile machine tests materials’ mechanical strength. In the tensile test, a specimen is pulled until it breaks. The force needed to break indicates the material's strength. The test can be performed at ambient, liquid nitrogen (-320° F), and liquid helium (-452° F) temperatures.
HTMLText_F3EB400A_02C3_45CE_419B_60287CA5A56B.html = Machining Tools
Small machining tools are important for making precise parts for electronics projects. Powered hand tools, drill presses, and milling machines allow the detailed work required to shape or modify metal and plastic.
HTMLText_52D21521_EDE0_39E3_4198_3497EDFA9E90.html = MagLab Artwork
Bitter disks have been used for art pieces throughout the MagLab. The disks are the primary components used to build our powerful water-cooled electromagnets. You can learn more about them during the tour stop in the Magnet Factory.
HTMLText_695C9B12_E8CC_D9F6_41D4_85601D0F1E69.html = Magnet Cells
There are 16 magnet spaces in DC Field, called cells. The DC stands for direct current, which is pumped into the magnets to produce a steady magnetic field. Alternating current, or AC, coming from the power grid goes through rectifiers at the lab to convert the power to DC. Transformers also lower the voltage and increase the current.
HTMLText_522F7950_EDE0_29BB_41EC_D5D908396C5D.html = Magnet Coils
Magnet factory scientists and technicians build new magnets but also repair and replace worn out coils to keep the lab's fleet of world-record magnets in operation for researchers. Coils are routinely removed for maintenance and are retightened to increase longevity. They are also taken out and inspected if testing shows signs of possible damage. Damaged coils are replaced, then disassembled to determine the cause of damage.
HTMLText_1DC7B15F_01C6_DB0E_416D_BEF769566508.html = Magnet Cooling Water Pumps
The magnet cooling pumps are used to pump cold water, at 42° Fahrenheit, through magnets. They can pump at up to 500 PSI of water pressure. That’s about 8 times the water pressure in a typical home! That much pressure is needed to move up to 4,000 gallons of cold water per minute through our magnets.
HTMLText_53B54CC9_7FC3_C51F_4195_CC2484DFBADF.html = Magnet Football
This magnet can catch!
Watch what happens when we put metal inside a nerf football and throw it at the 45T.
HTMLText_734F5054_E8DC_4875_41E0_89D6322F6B1F.html = Magnet Housing and Plumbing
The magnet housing is a large, thick-walled vessel made of stainless steel that contains the magnet coils. Deionized water flows through the magnet housing at high pressure and velocity to extract the immense heat energy released from the magnet coils.
HTMLText_50456373_736D_75B4_41DA_0ED3BE395354.html = Magnet Magic
The lab was proud to host Derek Muller and Veritasium for a video about magnetism, the MagLab, and the 45T.
HTMLText_56FEF34C_03C3_7F72_4174_E3FFB216CD6E.html = Magnet Pit
The 32T is mounted in a concrete pit level to the floor, providing a more convenient position for installing equipment, loading probes, running experiments and transferring cryogens while minimizing stray magnetic fields.
HTMLText_5E7E17F8_EB7C_4866_41C2_C50D0E1B1094.html = Magnetic Field Display
Each magnet in the DC Field facility has a digital display showing the magnetic field strength in tesla in real time as the magnet is powered up.
HTMLText_06673B28_2C39_B48F_41A5_02B98CEE7D12.html = Magnetic Field Strength
At the MagLab, we talk about magnetic field strength using units called tesla.
The tesla is a measurement of magnetic flux density, or how much force the magnetic field has per unit area. You can think of it as how concentrated the magnetic field is.
The Earth’s magnetic field, which moves a compass needle, is just 50 millionths of a tesla (0.00005 tesla).
A refrigerator magnet is about 0.02 tesla.
A junkyard magnet, capable of lifting a car, is about 1 tesla.
Most MRIs for medical imaging use a 1.5 or 3 tesla magnet.
At the MagLab, our magnets produce fields ranging from 3 tesla up to 45 tesla. At our Pulsed Field Facility at Los Alamos, magnets are capable of reaching 100 tesla for a fraction of a second.
HTMLText_FF3E08AE_E8DF_FB8D_41D0_489E3BEC336D.html = Main Winder
This is the main winder that winds superconducting tape into a “pancake” shape. It takes tapes from up to four spools and winds them in a controlled fashion. The spools may contain different materials such as REBCO, pure copper, or stainless steel, depending on the coil requirements.
HTMLText_3EA1BBA8_0241_2F33_4172_0E5D5D36B8A8.html = Mega-Mo Liquid Helium Storage Dewar
Mega-Mo is the nickname for this dewar, a specialized giant vacuum flask. The dewar can hold about 790 gallons of liquid helium. The liquid is transferred from Mega-Mo into smaller, portable vacuum flasks. MagLab scientists and visiting researchers will use the liquid helium from the portable dewars to cool their experiments.
HTMLText_E2A2A1E0_02C2_C9C5_416A_1FDA55FCE520.html = Microwave Bridge
The microwave bridge initiates the generation of the microwaves and controls characteristics including frequency, power, phase, pulse length and shape.
HTMLText_07FA82B7_01C3_C514_419D_84B0089CD450.html = Milling Machine
A manual milling machine is usually operated by hand to perform milling, drilling, fly cutting, shaping, and forming metal and other materials.
HTMLText_82DB26AE_03C1_C883_4184_F63213EAE820.html = Operator Console
Situated strategically beyond the fringe magnetic field, the workstations control image and data acquisition as well as generating magnetic resonance images and spectra. Some computers control the radio frequency pulses used to probe the sample, managing timing and coordination. Others process raw data signals into detailed images or magnetic resonance spectra.
HTMLText_2C00D6AA_EB54_48EC_41EB_36C244793E0B.html = Optical Table
Scientists learn more about the intrinsic properties of materials by shining light on them. Looking at which kinds of light are absorbed or reflected at different angles gives researchers insight into the fundamental electronic structure of matter. This kind of research, over decades, has led to smaller and faster computers, and other quality-of-life enhancements.
HTMLText_D2D35E72_0241_5BC6_4184_1F9617C3A4A4.html = Overhauser DNP magnet
This 14-tesla liquid dynamic nuclear polarization spectrometer has applications in chemistry, biochemistry, and medicine.
HTMLText_31FD2E01_08CB_7A78_4173_36CF3D8E867D.html = Particle Tracking Velocimetry
This facility focuses on enhancing the efficiency and performance of particle accelerators by detecting tiny defects using superfluid helium, lasers, and high-speed cameras.
HTMLText_D750B92D_E9F5_D812_41D8_A8E0C8A121BD.html = Payoff
The payoff holds the wire that is to be wound into a coil and provides what’s called back tension in the winding process. This helps assure tightness and consistency of the wire being wound onto the coil.
HTMLText_08180A10_0E4E_C4FA_4169_5114164376E8.html = Physical Property Measurement System
This system measures physical properties, including electric resistivity, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and magnetization. These measurements are performed from liquid helium temperatures (-452° F) to elevated temperatures (200° F).
HTMLText_82D586BD_03C1_C881_414F_7D23BCAA1FEC.html = Pit
The 21.1-Tesla magnet is 16 feet tall. To ensure the MRI probes are perfectly centered with the magnetic field, these probes are built to be 6 to 6.5 feet long.
Fitting these tall probes into a magnet with a bore diameter of just four inches is challenging. A pit below the magnet allows for the proper loading of the probes, setting up for experiments on live animals.
HTMLText_7DC5302A_03C7_C799_4180_0C00864C7B55.html = Platform
From above the magnet, scientists can lower their probe with a sample and instrumentation into the small opening at the center of the magnet. The bore, as it’s called, is just a tiny space. In this case, it’s only about one and a half inches across.
HTMLText_7DCB4027_03C7_C797_417D_3C3AD1B84542.html = Plumbing
The pipes visible on the bottom of the magnet carry high-pressure, high flow cooling water to and from the resistive part of the magnet. The structure on the bottom of the magnet where they attach is called the hydrant.
HTMLText_4FF26EDB_02C1_6915_417F_0DF54620FEFC.html = Probe/Sample Prep Area
Since it was first commissioned in 1999, the 45T has been used by thousands of researchers to study samples by placing them in a magnetic field a million times stronger than the Earth’s. Novel materials can be characterized and analyzed in the highest continuous magnetic field available. The materials studied here could become components for better batteries, smaller, faster computer components, and other next generation electronics.
HTMLText_734DD057_E8DC_4873_41D1_07A2A0BEB8A0.html = Probe
Even though our magnets are quite large, the space available for samples is small and difficult to reach. A probe is used to place a sample in the center of the magnet where the field is strongest and most uniform. Scientists use different types of probes depending on the type of sample they are studying, how they are studying the sample, and the data they want to collect.
HTMLText_5078D7EF_0241_270D_416F_172F840956F2.html = Probes
Even though our magnets are quite large, the space available for samples is small and difficult to reach. A probe is used to place a sample in the center of the magnet where the field is strongest and most uniform. A probe is typically used in conjunction with a cryostat - a device used to maintain a very precise, low temperature. Probes can also be used to rotate the sample.
HTMLText_30A27623_0241_5935_4150_6CC0952418E4.html = Purifier
Helium is recovered at locations around the lab and travels through a network of plumbing to helium bags and then on to the purifier. The purifier does just what its name implies. It purifies the helium by removing any nitrogen, oxygen, water, or other contaminants from the recovered gas. The cleaned-up gas is then sent to the compression stage.
HTMLText_D2D3FE74_0241_5BC2_416E_DB1B62A67611.html = Quasi-Optical Table
The quasi-optical table splits the microwave beam coming out of the gyrotron into two separate beams, one directed to the MAS DNP spectrometer and the other directed toward the Overhauser DNP system. This quasi-optical set-up allows total control of the microwave polarization and power of each of the beams reaching the samples for the two different DNP systems.
HTMLText_E2A271DC_02C2_C9FE_4187_8B39735ECB82.html = Quasi-Optical Tables
The quasi-optical tables are used to propagate the microwave beam from the source to the probe and from the probe to the detector.
HTMLText_56FD3352_03C3_7F16_4180_C75E0A8319AC.html = Quench Protection Equipment
A quench is when part of a superconducting magnet becomes resistive due to small anomalies in current within the superconductor. All the energy stored in the magnetic field begins converting to heat. When a magnet quenches, helium gas is released to dissipate energy and try to prevent damage. The 32T’s quench protection system monitors all the coils in the magnet thousands of times per second for minor fluctuations of voltage.
HTMLText_5786B529_0FB9_AE88_4162_726FB0DD0714.html = REBCO Coil Winding Machine
This machine is used to carefully wind superconducting tapes into some of the world’s strongest magnets, achieving fields approaching 50 tesla. This shop specializes in No-Insulation (NI) windings that allow for very compact, high-field coils. The winding machine is specialized for high temperature superconducting tape, equipped with proper tension control and conductor guidance to achieve good alignment of the tapes into pancake coils. Addition of co-winding materials to thermally and mechanically reinforce the pancake coils is also possible.
HTMLText_FF3468A7_E8DF_FBBB_41E4_AED854092627.html = REBCO Tape
REBCO, which stands for rare earth barium copper oxide, is a superconductor, meaning when kept extremely cold, it can carry electricity without resistance. REBCO is manufactured in a wire tape a tenth of a millimeter thick. The actual REBCO is just a tiny layer of 0.002 millimeters sandwiched in a high-strength nickel steel substrate, coated in silver and then plated in copper.
REBCO was used to make the world’s strongest all-superconducting magnet. MagLab scientists are now designing and testing an even stronger magnet using the same material. REBCO is what’s known as a high-temperature superconductor. High temperature superconductors retain their ability to carry electricity without resistance at -300°F. That’s still super cold, but much warmer than the more commonly used low temperature superconductors of niobium titanium and niobium tin, which must be cooled below -450°F.
HTMLText_FF3A28BA_E8DF_FB95_41CE_5FEC09BE3A6A.html = Respooler
The re-spooler is used to parse out tapes from the storage spools. Technicians place the necessary amount of tape onto spools, then put the spools onto a winding machine to make the coils.
HTMLText_3C85655E_0849_6E88_41A0_30E50CD90CC2.html = Sample Chamber
The sample chamber of the Transmission Electron Microscope is in the middle of the microscope, allowing electrons to pass through the ultra-thin sample, where they are detected to create an image.
HTMLText_3F4874A2_0879_EFB8_4194_BC25FB37EEAD.html = Sample Chamber
The sample chamber is located at the base of the column. Inside the sample chamber sits the sample stage and electron detectors.
HTMLText_3C882555_0849_6E98_419B_4AF79FF97E3A.html = Sample Prep Area
Obtaining meaningful and useful data takes a lot of time. Sample preparation can take 5-10 hours.
HTMLText_715586A6_EB34_48F9_41C4_1F2BF1970F01.html = Sample
The sample is placed at the end of the probe so it can be lowered into the center of the magnet where the field strength is highest. The 41.4-tesla all-resistive magnet is easier for scientists to use than a hybrid magnet and gives them more flexibility to adjust the field strength and direction during experiments. It's used to study materials that may one day help build smaller and faster computer chips, empower quantum computers, and become high-temperature superconductors.
HTMLText_9B8051FF_02C1_48A6_4186_8167B3ACF5C3.html = Samples
The magnet offers the highest resolution and best mass accuracy of any mass spectrometer in the world. This allows detailed analyses of highly complex mixtures, including crude oil, biofuels, pharmaceuticals, and emerging contaminants. It can detect molecular structures that were previously undetectable.
HTMLText_7DC7902D_03C7_C79B_417B_D09B068E1773.html = Samples/Probe
The Series Connected Hybrid magnet is not just unique because of the way it’s powered. It also has capabilities across two disciplines. At 36 tesla, it’s one of the most powerful magnets used for condensed matter physics, studying novel materials, and is the most powerful magnet in the world for solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, allowing chemists and biologists to study molecular structures such as proteins.
HTMLText_52289955_EDE0_29A5_41D8_56F27821497F.html = Sand Room
In this room, bitter disks are sanded to remove surface material to expose the copper and/or silver. The disks are then inspected for any defects.
HTMLText_47B4F3E8_ED20_3869_41E1_E3404ABEAEAF.html =
HTMLText_20667EEB_01C2_E936_4150_1D22D10AF5A0.html = Secondary Chilled Water Pumps
The secondary chilled water pumps move water through the heat exchangers to remove thermal energy.
There are two secondary chilled water loops, one for each heat exchanger.
There are four pumps per loop and each pump is capable of pumping 4,500 gallons per minute for a total of 18,000 gallons per minute per loop.
HTMLText_FF3CA8B4_E8DF_FB9D_41D6_C87B1F69B852.html = Secondary Winder
A secondary coil winder that also winds coils into pancake shapes.
HTMLText_F3E71000_02C3_45BA_4183_FF702C984500.html = Solder/Assembly Station
The solder/assembly station is an important part of electronics development and fabrication of circuit boards. It is a specialized workstation set up to facilitate soldering electronic components such as resistors, capacitors, and diodes onto circuit boards.
HTMLText_8CC6704A_0242_C7FE_4172_2FFB5384D9B9.html = Solid State NMR probe
What makes our NMR/MRI program unique is our ability to develop our own probes that excel in research. Our user program is enriched by the development of our own technology, making us a leader in the field.
HTMLText_5C29E9DD_0849_7989_4182_E87FA8424249.html = Spool
Spools of high strength and high conductivity copper wire are ready to be reduced in diameter for coil winding.
HTMLText_3BBB5C2F_ED60_2F8D_41C3_6C63AD469485.html = Staging Area
This is a staging area to send sheets of square copper for stamping into bitter disks. This process can take up to a year. The disks are then sanded and plated with silver.
HTMLText_4C1C6F31_02CF_6712_4173_C449525601C0.html = Stairs to platform
The 45T is so large, it takes two flights of stairs to get to the platform on top where users control the magnet, insert their sample, and run their experiment.
HTMLText_53BB7A3A_08C9_5A8B_4192_AFC047C4F82C.html = Strain Test Facility
Electromagnets producing powerful magnetic fields generate extremely powerful force known as Lorentz force, which can damage superconducting wires. In this magnet, strains are applied to superconducting wires under a magnetic field and the impact on their properties is measured.
HTMLText_344B1D27_08D8_BEB9_417D_360041757190.html = Sudden Catastrophic Vacuum Break Research Facility
At extremely cold temperatures, gases like nitrogen, oxygen, and helium transform into liquids. These cryogenic liquids play a vital role in a wide array of scientific applications, from MRIs and superconducting magnets to spacecraft propulsion and quantum computing.
This facility is designed to investigate systems undergoing a sudden vacuum loss. Understanding the intricacies of a vacuum break is key in the design of various scientific systems and equipment.
HTMLText_507A07F9_0241_2715_4172_055CAAA85896.html = Superconducting Magnets
The MilliKelvin Lab gets its name because it measures samples at extremely low temperatures, known as milliKelvins, or a thousandth of a Kelvin. The coldest temperature reached is approximately 0.010 Kelvin, or -459° Fahrenheit, using a dilution refrigerator. That’s colder than outer space!
At higher temperatures, molecules, atoms, and subatomic particles move around in high-energy states. As you cool to very low temperatures, this thermal motion slows, allowing researchers to see effects they can’t observe at higher temperatures.
MilliKelvin’s three superconducting magnets, made from materials that carry electricity with zero resistance, have much lower power requirements than resistive electromagnets – a few kilowatts vs tens of megawatts. To put it in perspective, it’s the difference between powering 6 microwave ovens versus 15,000 entire homes.
HTMLText_08180A13_0E4E_C4FE_417A_1EC3AFA65697.html = Superconductor Critical Current Testing System
The system consists of a 15-tesla superconducting magnet, a high electrical current source, and a digital data acquisition system. It measures the critical current of superconducting wires at liquid helium temperature (-452° F) in a magnetic field up to 15T.
HTMLText_34493D29_08D8_BE89_419F_67A44C2EEDC0.html = Superfluid Helium Droplet Levitation Facility
Primary research areas in the Cryogenics Laboratory include fundamental studies of the superfluid phase of liquid helium and levitated helium droplets.
Here we can levitate a droplet of liquid helium within a microgravity environment, where it transitions into a superfluid state. Superfluids, which flow with virtually no viscosity, have the potential to enhance liquid fuels for space propulsion.
HTMLText_53659A2D_085B_BA89_4150_C0E83A90B020.html = Swaging Machine
This swaging machine, sometimes called a hammer press, is used to shape the end of a wire so that it will fit through a reduction die for wire drawing.
HTMLText_2C0F36A7_EB54_48E4_41DF_D0A070A7A16D.html = The 25-tesla Split-Helix Magnet
The 25 tesla magnet was designed with four wide ports evenly spaced around the perimeter. This allows access to the sample for optical experiments that would otherwise be impossible. The 25T is the most powerful magnet of this kind in the world.
HTMLText_56F5D343_03C3_7F76_4181_B962D1C15DFC.html = The 32-tesla Superconducting Magnet
An award-winning one-of-a-kind magnet, the 32T combines two separate magnets: a 15-tesla low temperature superconductor outer magnet, provided by our partner Oxford Instruments, made of niobium-tin and niobium-titanium; and a 17-tesla high temperature superconductor inner magnet made of yttrium-barium-copper-oxide (YBCO). If you unwound the coils of YBCO in this magnet, the tape would stretch more than six miles.
HTMLText_4FEC0EDF_02C1_690D_4170_76D7B07B6E72.html = The 45-tesla Hybrid Magnet
One of only a handful of hybrid magnets in the world, this mighty magnet’s superconducting coil alone contains enough copper wiring for 80 average homes. That’s enough to stretch for more than four miles.
HTMLText_5366BAB2_7FBC_CD0D_41A7_EA8215101D2B.html = The 45-tesla Hybrid Magnet
The big gray barrel located about 15 feet off the ground houses the 45T magnet coils. On the inside is a resistive magnet made of bitter disks and cooled with high pressure water flowing at 4,000 gallons per minute.
Wrapped around it is a superconducting magnet cooled with liquid helium to -456° Fahrenheit.
HTMLText_E2A6D1D9_02C2_C9C6_4190_30D947DABB09.html = The HiPER Magnet
The HiPER magnet is a 9-tesla high-performance electron resonance magnet used to search for free electrons in a material.
HTMLText_3F4CB4A8_0879_EF88_419B_8AD4E0AE9090.html = The Image
The electron source is at the top of the microscope and fires a beam of electrons at the object under examination. As the beam hits the sample, electrons scatter from the sample surface. Detectors collect these scattered electrons, converting them into a signal and the signal into an image.
HTMLText_6131B4B2_E5E0_1B0A_41E9_6E5A257B282C.html = The Lab’s Founder
Florida State University physics professor the late Jack Crow is honored with a bust in our atrium for his role as the MagLab’s visionary founder and first director. In 1989, Crow proposed a new national magnet lab in Florida, challenging MIT, home to the Francis Bitter National Magnet Laboratory. The National Science Foundation awarded the National MagLab to Florida State University in August 1990. The lab was officially dedicated in 1994 by Vice President Al Gore.
HTMLText_3FFDFCB7_1934_24C2_41A1_C7A8E40F0B26.html = U.S. Capitol American Flag
Flown over the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 4, 2018, this American flag was sent to the MagLab by the U.S. Department of Commerce after the lab hosted the department for the Americas Competitiveness Exchange on Innovation and Entrepreneurship.
HTMLText_82DF06A9_03C1_C881_4161_2C2F6A90EADD.html = Ultra-wide bore 900 MHz NMR Magnet
The large cryostat houses the superconducting coils, which generate an ultra-high magnetic field when cooled to –452 °F using approximately 634 gallons of liquid helium. This low temperature allows the magnet’s superconducting wire to carry electrical current without resistance and without an external energy source. If you uncoiled all the wire, it would stretch 95 miles, about the distance from Tallahassee to Panama City.
The magnet has been serving the scientific community since 2005 for experiments on stroke, heart disease, migraines, dementia, and much more.
HTMLText_5E70C7F6_EB7C_486A_41B2_A37FC7C032EA.html = Upper Platform
The upper platform allows scientists to be above the top of the magnet and cryostat. Here, they are better able to insert the probe into the bore and access instrumentation at the end of the probe. A chair allows them to sit on the platform if they need to insert the probe slowly or work on the instrumentation connections. The chair is wooden to ensure it is not affected by the high magnetic field.
HTMLText_654C0FBF_E934_5828_41C2_7430E1489C08.html = VPI Chamber
Coils are saturated with epoxy under vacuum using the Vacuum Pressure Impregnation (VPI) chamber. Epoxy is introduced into the windings of a coil under vacuum and then cured at elevated temperature and pressure to create a strong insulation system.
HTMLText_07FA82B1_01C3_C52C_4198_995C9918732B.html = Vertical Machining Centers
These are Computer Numerical Control, or CNC, machines. They use a series of preparatory commands from a computer to perform tasks without manual input. The commands are written in code and can be generated by the operator, computer-aided design (CAD) software, or computer-aided manufacturing software.
HTMLText_5C10D7D2_0848_A99B_4195_49720EFB1956.html = Very Large Test Superconducting Magnet
This magnet has a large enough space in its bore to test high-current multi-tape conductors that are needed for applications such as atomic fusion reactors known as tokamaks. The magnet is buried under the floor so that there is more headroom for instrumentation in the laboratory.
HTMLText_4CBE2175_EB3C_4859_41EB_EC7C51D7F4F3.html = Vibration Isolation Table
Many magnets in the DC Field facility have a vibration isolation table to isolate the cryostat from the vibrations produced by the flowing magnet cooling water and the outside environment. This helps scientists collect cleaner data during their experiments.
HTMLText_20B5BD99_0241_6B15_417C_F79D7D3A53EA.html = Water Tanks
A pair of four-story water tanks behind the MagLab hold between them 4.3 million gallons of water — the equivalent of about six and a half Olympic-size swimming pools, or enough to take 250,000 showers. That’s a shower a day for the next 684 years! The water is kept at a chilly 42° Fahrenheit.
HTMLText_2191685B_01C1_2915_417F_5ED0D15DDE14.html = Water Treatment System
The water treatment system is used to make ultra-high-purity de-ionized water to cool the magnets, power supplies and magnet power cables. Contrary to popular belief, water does not conduct electricity. The impurities in water act as conductors. The water treatment system uses two 40 cubic foot mixed resin beds to remove all the impurities so the magnet cooling water does not conduct electricity and can be used in direct contact with high power electricity to keep the magnets from overheating.
HTMLText_5076E7EC_0241_2733_414C_1DA23726BB8C.html = Window Screens
The windows in MilliKelvin may remind you of a screened-in porch. They’re covered with a fine copper mesh. This mesh, combined with the metal walls, creates a Faraday Cage – a covering that blocks radio waves from outside the lab which can cause noise during sensitive experiments.
HTMLText_07FA82B9_01C3_C51C_4186_80AAE4F7027D.html = Wire EDM Machine
The Electrical Discharge Machine (EDM) carries out a metal fabrication process known as Spark Machining. A metal piece is shaped using electrical discharges (sparks). Material is removed from the work piece by a series of rapid discharges between two electrodes. Extremely hard materials like carbides, ceramics, titanium alloys, and heat-treated steels can be precisely machined by an EDM.
HTMLText_F3E51005_02C3_45BA_4171_7399013FC694.html = Wire, Cable, and Parts Supplies
The Electronics Shop keeps an inventory of wires and cables, an important part of electrical and electronics work, which transmit signals, power, and data between various devices and components.
HTMLText_E2A051E3_02C2_C9CB_416C_66672C428310.html = Witches’ Hats
The black cones known as “witches' hats” absorb unwanted microwaves, echoes that would otherwise blur the signal of interest. This enables very high sensitivity, so scientists can run experiments on a material even if they have a very small amount. This capability is very important in structural biology.
HTMLText_3073E1B2_1974_1CC2_41A8_ED407D324801.html = Wooden Chair
The simple wooden chairs at the top of our magnet platforms don’t seem to belong with all of our high-tech equipment. But these chairs are basic for a reason. They contain no magnetic materials so they won’t be pulled toward the magnet. And they offer researchers a place to sit as they may spend hours on the platform carefully loading their sample into the center of the magnet.
HTMLText_DFE875F8_3419_B3CF_41BC_02F12A149BFF.html = Big Sign
The MagLab sign on the outside of our DC Field Facility is a favorite place for pictures.
Students, scientists, tour groups, and other visitors from around the world document their visit to the lab by posing in front of the well-known backdrop.
The sign also recognizes the lab's primary funding sources: the U.S. National Science Foundation and the State of Florida.
HTMLText_D42787FA_340A_FFC0_4185_1336277B47CB.html = MagLab Van
The MagLab van is used by staff for lab-related transportation around Tallahassee and between our headquarters and other lab sites. It also promotes the lab everywhere it travels with its bright, bold coloring. The artwork represents a crystal structure studied at the MagLab known as a Van der Waals material. Because it’s a van, get it?
The plug-in hybrid vehicle was supported by a grant from the U.S. National Science Foundation.
HTMLText_D7CF321B_341A_B042_41B6_6158C7529B95.html = The Lab’s Dedication
In October 1994, dignitaries gathered on the front lawn to formally dedicate the MagLab.
The event featured keynote speaker Vice President Al Gore, Florida Governor Lawton Chiles, and leaders from Florida State University, the University of Florida, and Los Alamos National Laboratory. Following the dedication, the lab held its first Open House, beginning a tradition that has carried on for more than 30 years.
HTMLText_AD4A986E_341E_9159_41A4_D95AE9B388F5.html = Fringe Field Lines
Lines on the floor mark the strength of the fringe magnetic field that extends beyond the magnet. The lines are a visual reminder to researchers not to bring any metal objects close to the magnet. These markings are found around many magnets throughout the lab.
HTMLText_D2CE9E6F_0241_5BDE_4189_4CB57985D72A_mobile.html = 14-tesla MAS DNP Magnet
This instrument was made by Bruker but modified by MagLab to make it unique in the world with capabilities such as continuous operation for long experiments.
Magic Angle Spinning is a technique used to improve resolution during nuclear magnetic resonance. It involves rapidly rotating the sample around an axis at a very specific angle of 54.74° within a magnetic field. This rotation helps to average out variations in the signal depending on orientation to the magnetic field, helping scientists “see” the sample better.
Just how fast does it spin? 50,000 times per second. Compare that to a dentist drill, which whirls around about 7,000 times a second, or a race car engine that can spin up to 250 times per second.
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization is a technique used to enhance the sensitivity of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance by transferring polarization from unpaired electron spins to spins in the nucleus. This transfer increases the NMR signal intensity, allowing for faster data acquisition and the detection of subtle structural details.
HTMLText_31C5AD62_190D_E442_41AF_BDC119374AAB_mobile.html = 20-ton Crane
A giant crane looms in the rafters to hoist heavy magnet parts, equipment, and instrumentation onto the three-story high 45T platform. With a 20-ton load capacity, the crane is strong enough to lift a coach bus full of passengers, or even a whale shark!
HTMLText_57527B62_0FC8_DABB_419C_931CE1F6EC62_mobile.html = 4-Spindle Bobbin Winder
This machine spools fibers onto smaller bobbins ready to be used in the adjacent wire braider.
HTMLText_F038C71F_02C3_4BAE_419C_0639402E9DCF_mobile.html = Assembly and Testing Bench
This is the area where precision assembly and testing of circuit boards and other projects takes place. Here, engineers and technicians use tools like soldering irons, screwdrivers, and pliers to assemble components. Instruments such as oscilloscopes, multimeters, and signal generators are used for testing, troubleshooting, and verifying the performance of assembled circuits.
HTMLText_07FA82BD_01C3_C514_4171_5F972DC4B139_mobile.html = Bandsaw
A bandsaw has a long, sharp blade of toothed metal stretched between two or more wheels to cut material. Band saws are used principally in woodworking, metalworking, and lumbering, but may cut a variety of materials.
HTMLText_DFE875F8_3419_B3CF_41BC_02F12A149BFF_mobile.html = Big Sign
The MagLab sign on the outside of our DC Field Facility is a favorite place for pictures.
Students, scientists, tour groups, and other visitors from around the world document their visit to the lab by posing in front of the well-known backdrop.
The sign also recognizes the lab's primary funding sources: the U.S. National Science Foundation and the State of Florida.
HTMLText_30A21626_0241_593F_4163_933899D177B2_mobile.html = Big-K Compressor
The Big-K Compressor takes the purified helium gas and compresses it to a pressure of 13 atmospheres (or 188 pounds per square inch). This is the last stop for gas before it is sent to the helium liquefier.
HTMLText_5E7057F4_EB7C_486E_41C9_C1D1D8B95E2C_mobile.html = Bore
The small hole at the center of the magnet where the sample is placed is called the bore. Even though the magnets and surrounding infrastructure are quite massive, bores are tiny. Among the lab’s water-cooled resistive magnets, bores are just an inch or two in diameter.
HTMLText_D7ADF9C3_E9F4_5816_41EA_3FC4B25C243E_mobile.html = Broomfield 500 Winder
The Broomfield 500 winder is set up to wind long medium-weight coils. It is also used to hold spools of wire for respooling onto the payoff.
HTMLText_D534B5AD_E93C_4812_41E5_D5B6AF74002A_mobile.html = Broomfield 600 Winder
The Large Coil Fabrication Lab houses major equipment used to wind, heat treat, and fill with epoxy, coils up to several tons in weight. The Broomfield 600 winder is used to wind coils up to 10 tons.
The Large Coil Fabrication Lab is where the MagLab’s flagship magnets are built.
Coils were built here for the MagLab’s 45T hybrid magnet, the Ultra-Wide Bore 900 MHz NMR magnet known as the world’s strongest MRI, the MagLab Series Connected Hybrid magnet, and the 100T pulsed magnet, to name a few.
HTMLText_52B166F5_0849_6B99_4183_26A6C2112F8C_mobile.html = Bull Block
This “bull block” is a powerful machine that is needed to reduce high strength high conductivity wire in diameter. These resistive wires are required for magnets that generate ultra-high magnetic fields.
HTMLText_505E9624_0242_F933_4184_4C1F2438C6F7_mobile.html = Bus Tunnel
Accessible from the 45T platform, a 400-foot-long strip of aluminum bars known as bus bars run above all of the DC Field magnet cells, serving as a superhighway for electricity. The bus bars act as low-resistance pathways for direct current to flow from the power supplies to each magnet. Remote actuated switches allow each magnet to be connected to any combination of power supplies.
HTMLText_695B4B16_E8CC_D9FE_41C0_1559A330C14D_mobile.html = Cell Markings
Each cell is marked with information on the magnet housed there. This includes the type of magnet, how much power it uses, and its strength, measured in tesla.
The info also includes the size of the bore, the hole at the center of the magnet where a sample is placed for study.
HTMLText_3EBFCBA8_0241_2F33_4154_E7E5B656CB00_mobile.html = Central Distribution Box
The liquid helium produced by the main liquefier feeds into the Central Distribution Box, allowing it to flow to the Mega-Mo storage dewar, along with the 45T Hybrid magnet, and the 36T Series Connected Hybrid magnet.
HTMLText_208E7685_0247_39FD_414E_938CF88E5945_mobile.html = Chillers
The chillers say Trane on the side because that’s the company that makes them. But they might as well say train—as in a locomotive—because that’s about how big they are. These beasts are used to make a huge amount of cold water. They work on the same principle as a home air conditioner, but instead of cooling air, they cool water. The chillers transfer the heat from the chilled water system into the cooling tower system. The cooling towers transfer that heat energy to the atmosphere. Each chiller uses 6,000 gallons per minute of cooling tower water and 2,000 gallons per minute of chilled water.
HTMLText_F2CB60F2_340A_B14B_41C7_F5D07B4F75E4_mobile.html = Clean Room
This room just off the main magnet factory area has its own air system to minimize dust as technicians work on magnet coils. The clean room also has two 3-ton cranes used to move and flip coils along with a special table allowing access to the underside of coils to remove or install parts.
After coils are fully built, the clean room has a press to simulate the powerful forces the magnet will endure when it's energized and equipment to test voltage across the coil and the strength and uniformity of the magnetic field produced.
HTMLText_309891E4_08CF_69B8_419E_13B0C121F4F8_mobile.html = Climate Control Panels
These metal panels on the wall, cooled by water pipes, help regulate the temperature in the microscope room.
HTMLText_575D59C1_0FCF_F9F9_4191_BD1179F55DB5_mobile.html = Coil Winding Machine
After the Bi-2212 has been braided with ceramic insulation, it is wound into a magnet coil using this coil-winding machine. The winding machine is designed for precision coil winding, giving us accurate control of wire placement and back-tension as well as real-time data on winding parameters. This machine is equipped with both winding and unwinding capabilities to ensure high-quality magnets.
HTMLText_5577A6D2_EB34_48B0_41E0_6758F3B73A13_mobile.html = Console and Monitors
The Control Room is located right next to and overlooks the plant, which houses much of the equipment used to operate magnets. Magnet operation is monitored and analyzed using a custom computerized control system that automates electrical power, cooling water, chillers, pumps, compressed air, cryogens, and more. At the control system console and monitors, operators send and receive all the information needed to run the facility.
HTMLText_4F26C260_6EAE_04B4_41D8_2210B3E26D25_mobile.html = Control Terminal
This collection of computers is where scientists and technicians operate the 45T magnet and its complex hybrid system which combines a resistive magnet cooled by water and a superconducting magnet cooled with liquid helium. The control terminal is located across the platform from the magnet, away from the fringe magnetic field.
HTMLText_20AFF9E6_0247_2B3F_417C_5A7D667A96DC_mobile.html = Cooling Towers
Four cooling towers, each 30 feet tall and together 144 feet long, have fans as big as helicopter blades to help release the cooling water system’s heat energy into the atmosphere.
HTMLText_5E7717ED_EB7C_487E_41D1_501942A04584_mobile.html = Cryostat
The top of magnets are outfitted with cryostats, refrigeration systems that utilize a combination of insulation, liquid nitrogen, liquid helium, and vacuum pumps to precisely maintain a range of temperatures from colder than outer space, as low as -459° Fahrenheit, to comfy room temperature of about 80° Fahrenheit.
The cryostat system extends to the center of the magnetic field inside the magnet bore and provides a temperature regulated, electromagnetic interference-shielded environment for the experiment.
HTMLText_3F34B88C_08C9_A78F_419F_AC51757D7C63_mobile.html = Data
Gathering data while the sample is under the microscope also takes several hours.
HTMLText_F3E52007_02C3_45C6_4162_76FA0ED8EDB0_mobile.html = Design Station
An electronics design station is a versatile work area set up to provide tools and equipment needed by engineers for the design, development, and testing of electronic systems and devices, from concept to prototype. This area enables engineers and designers to bring their ideas to life.
HTMLText_5232394B_EDE0_29AE_41E7_7719211877AB_mobile.html = Disk Inspection & Stacking
Bitter disks are the fundamental components of our resistive electromagnets. In this area, the disks, made of copper and silver, are closely inspected for defects before going into a magnet. Even a small defect could cause the magnet to fail. Disks are stacked in a tightly packed helix, like a slinky or a spiral staircase, to form a magnet coil. Multiple coils are nested inside of each other to build a powerful electromagnet. Massive amounts of electricity are run through the coils to produce a high magnetic field at their center, called the bore of the magnet. To prevent all that electricity from overheating the magnet, large volumes of cold, deionized water are pumped through the coils.
HTMLText_5C2BE9DA_0849_798B_4192_A2416FE5BE6D_mobile.html = Drawbench
Engineers and technicians fabricate composite conductors from stacks of metal rods that can include high strength alloys, superconductors, or superconductor powder in metal tubes that will later be reacted in a heat treatment to form fine-filament, high-current superconductors. The drawbench pulls wire through a small die that reduces the wire’s diameter while making the wire longer. Wires fabricated in this laboratory are initially assembled at much larger size than can be tested or wound into a magnet, and by passing the wire through this machine multiple times with successively smaller dies the wire can be reduced to the required diameter.
HTMLText_3C86E559_0849_6E88_4195_F238D42218E9_mobile.html = Dust Mats
These sticky mats are in the entry to the microscope room. They collect dust and dirt off of shoes to limit particles that could interfere with the microscope and sample.
HTMLText_9A78AB54_023F_D9E1_4174_337F16ED8CD5_mobile.html = Eclipse
The Eclipse hardware and software system forms the front-end instrumentation that powers the 21-tesla FT-ICR. Eclipse optimizes the magnet's performance, ensuring fast and efficient data processing with the highest resolution and accuracy.
HTMLText_3F4B14A5_0879_EFB8_419D_46D074D98288_mobile.html = Focused Ion Beam
The microscope is often used to examine materials used for building magnets, such as copper-silver bitter disks and superconducting wires. The Focused Ion Beam can sculpt or cut materials on the nano-meter scale, or a billionth of a meter. To put that in perspective, a single human hair is 100,000 nanometers thick.
HTMLText_AD4A986E_341E_9159_41A4_D95AE9B388F5_mobile.html = Fringe Field Lines
Lines on the floor mark the strength of the fringe magnetic field that extends beyond the magnet. The lines are a visual reminder to researchers not to bring any metal objects close to the magnet. These markings are found around many magnets throughout the lab.
HTMLText_9F22AEE0_E520_24EE_41C8_B86D90A7FA94_mobile.html = Front Desk
The front desk is a busy spot where visitors are constantly checking in, including tours and school groups, but especially scientists. Between 1,500 and 2,000 researchers from around the world visit the lab every year. There is no cost to conduct research at the MagLab as long as scientists publish their results.
HTMLText_1AF3DAD4_CB2F_C3C1_41E0_F5E740EAE5EB_mobile.html = Front Doors
The front of the MagLab’s headquarters welcomes scientists from around the world who come here to conduct research. It’s also where we host the public for tours and roll out the red carpet for thousands of visitors from the community during our annual Open House every February.
HTMLText_6D96C136_E93C_4838_41E3_C22DD4FD7F07_mobile.html = Furnace
The Mellen furnace heat treats coils or other components up to 1650° F in a controlled atmosphere.
HTMLText_5311AD23_084F_5EB9_4187_FFEF5D2E4D08_mobile.html = Furnaces
Superconducting wires need to be heat treated to obtain their best properties. In this room, multiple furnaces are available for heat treating strands in suitable lengths for testing their properties.
HTMLText_7E099D4D_ED20_680A_41E6_49D9BED2E135_mobile.html = Gathering Spaces
The large open atrium provides a place for MagLab staff, researchers, students, and visitors to gather for conversation and collaboration. It’s also the hub of activity for the annual Open House, when thousands of people visit the lab.
HTMLText_8777E96F_3439_9358_41C2_295DFBF8F701_mobile.html = Go on a virtual tour scavenger hunt!
Find bitter disks around the lab.
Bitter disks, the fundamental components of our electromagnets, are incorporated in signs, decorations, and artwork around the lab.
We challenge you to spot 6 bitter disk decorations on the virtual tour.
They’ll turn purple when you hover over them. Click on them and we’ll keep score to see if you can find all 6!
Look around carefully. Some are obvious. Others are much more subtle.
Good luck and have fun!
HTMLText_4C1A9F2E_02CF_670E_417D_C0A4554B44B1_mobile.html = Ground floor
From the ground floor, you can see the pipes that feed cooling water to the resistive magnet at the center of the 45T, and the cables that wire massive amounts of electricity to the magnet coils. The large gray cylinder at the top is the outer magnet housing.
HTMLText_D2D13E76_0241_5BCE_4171_CBD7B651B3CE_mobile.html = Gyrotron
The gyrotron is a microwave source. The microwaves produced are in a form easy to manipulate and direct toward samples.
HTMLText_1C0F7373_01FF_5F15_413A_7F7241B7297C_mobile.html = Heat Exchangers
The cooling water, which went into the magnet at 42°F, comes out at about 120°F. The large heat exchangers are used to transfer all that thermal energy into the chilled water system. They work sort of like a radiator in a car. Each one is capable of removing massive amounts of heat from the magnet cooling water system.
HTMLText_30BB861F_0241_590D_4155_20936FCD983E_mobile.html = Helium Compressor Building
This room is in a special building behind the lab’s DC Field facility which houses the helium compressor and related equipment. Helium is recovered at locations around the lab as it’s being used to cool magnets and experiments. As the liquid helium absorbs heat from a magnet, it boils, and the helium vapor travels through a network of plumbing to helium bags. Once the bags inflate to a certain level, a compressor is turned on which draws gas out of the recovery bags, sending it to the purifier.
HTMLText_569ED9F8_0247_2B12_415E_3BB97DEC854C_mobile.html = Helium Dewars
Superconducting magnets must be at a very low temperature to operate, so they’re kept in a bath of liquid helium. Helium is stored in large vacuum-sealed tanks called dewars.
HTMLText_53A42A38_08C9_5A97_41A0_A98FEDFA15B3_mobile.html = High-Field Conductor and Coil Testing
Here, ASC evaluates electrical, magnetic, and mechanical performance of superconducting wires, tapes, cables, and magnets within high-field magnet testbeds.
The room contains five magnets with varying field strengths, bore sizes, and instrumentation for testing of many variables.
HTMLText_5C29B9E4_0849_79BF_41A5_946E10C0814C_mobile.html = Hydrostatic Extrusion Press
This press is used to extrude large superconducting composite billets into wire.
HTMLText_97EC463F_025E_CB99_4183_3A970193CCFB_mobile.html = ICR Magnets
The main room of the ICR facility includes a 14.5 tesla FT-ICR magnet and two 9.4 tesla FT-ICR magnets.
HTMLText_969C9749_02C7_49E1_413E_1101C6252C12_mobile.html = ICR Technology
The magnet has cutting-edge Ion Cyclotron Resonance (ICR) technology. Charged particles are trapped, spun, and analyzed within the 21-Tesla magnetic field, enabling the identification of a vast number of unique molecules in a single sample.
HTMLText_522C394D_EDE0_29AA_41BD_7AB997EEC47D_mobile.html = Insulation
Insulation is a critical component installed during disk stacking. The insulation is inspected for defects, then cut down to size for fitting to the disks. Insulation is placed precisely between each disk during stacking to ensure electricity is flowing evenly through the coil.
HTMLText_50310236_0FB8_AA9B_41A7_B830EFDD1A6A_mobile.html = Insulation Braiding Machine
Our in-house braiding machine allows us to braid wires to provide electrical insulation and mechanical strength. Using this machine, high-strength fibers are braided around the round wire Bi-2212 to achieve compact magnets that can support high stresses at fields of more than 25 tesla. Having our own braiding machine allows us to significantly lower total conductor costs as well as provide us with the opportunity to experiment with new types of insulation. All magnet materials must be able to endure an extreme temperature range, up to 1650° F and as low as -450 °F during magnet operation.
HTMLText_646748E0_E934_3859_41B5_EB8F584BA06E_mobile.html = Insulation Machine
The insulation machine wraps the wire with insulation materials while the coil is being wound. The insulation is typically fiberglass, or a combination of fiberglass and a high-performance material called Kapton film.
HTMLText_917F6ABA_0247_58A1_4149_A00512322E06_mobile.html = Ionization Techniques
Samples must be ionized, or given a charge, so that they will respond to the high magnetic field inside the mass spectrometer. Various ionization techniques are crucial for achieving high resolution mass spectrometry.
HTMLText_7DC99024_03C7_C789_4186_5FC5DDA14131_mobile.html = Iron Shield
The octagonal iron shield around this magnet is made of 4-inch-thick steel plates, each weighing 38,000 pounds. The shield helps contain the enormous fringe magnetic field generated by the 36-tesla Series Connected Hybrid magnet so that neighboring magnet cells are not affected.
HTMLText_3EAC7BA5_0241_2F3D_415C_E83EF2FA58E6_mobile.html = LR280 Helium Liquefier
The Linde LR280 helium liquefier is the main helium liquefier at the MagLab. Here, compressed helium gas is pre-cooled by a liquid nitrogen heat exchanger down to about -319°F. Then heat exchangers with fast-spinning turbines cool the gas even more, to a super-chill -447°F. Finally, the helium gas goes through a special valve that causes it to rapidly expand and cool down even further, becoming liquid.
The LR280 has the capacity to produce about 52 gallons of liquid helium every hour.
HTMLText_9F2E7EE0_E520_24EE_41EB_7E90A242090E_mobile.html = Lab Partners
The front of the atrium showcases the lab’s key partners.
This investment pays off, as every dollar of funding generates more than six dollars of economic activity for the community, the state, and the country.
HTMLText_07FA82B4_01C3_C514_4180_86ECAEEA08C6_mobile.html = Lathe
A lathe rotates a workpiece around an axis to perform various operations such as sanding, facing, turning, drilling, and threading, creating an object with symmetry around the axis.
HTMLText_97033EA2_024F_D8A7_4183_70615E015A75_mobile.html = Liquid Chromatography
Liquid Chromatography is used to separate components in a sample before it enters the 21-tesla FT-ICR. This enhances the instrument's ability to analyze complex mixtures, ensuring greater accuracy.
HTMLText_31FEFE05_08CB_7A78_4190_5991A4D34F15_mobile.html = Liquid Helium Flow Visualization Facility
This one-of-a-kind research apparatus generates and images highly turbulent fluid flows in the superfluid phase of liquid helium. The facility can provide direct visualization of highly turbulent fluid flows without the need for a full-scale wind tunnel.
HTMLText_52297952_EDE0_29BF_41EC_E38E9DFF75F2_mobile.html = Long Table
This is a prepping area for stacking coils of bitter disks, the fundamental components of our electromagnets. The disks carry the electricity that powers the magnets and creates a high magnetic field.
Parts are collected here and counted out precisely to be ready for coil building. A stacking plan will also be laid out and reviewed before stacking begins.
HTMLText_82D846B5_03C1_C881_4182_F07CE0A8C721_mobile.html = MRI Probe
This magnet’s four-inch bore allows imaging of living small animals such as rodents and birds for preclinical biomedical research. The MRI probe uses radio signals to create detailed images of the internal structures in those animals. The probe has a radio frequency coil to send and receive signals. Coils come in various types, including single loop coils, butterfly coils, birdcage coils, figure-8 coils, and array coils. They are designed to obtain maximum signal-to-noise ratio from different regions of the body, ensuring the best possible image quality.
HTMLText_08180A0E_0E4E_C4E6_418F_19F32394F97A_mobile.html = MTS Tensile Machine
This tensile machine tests materials’ mechanical strength. In the tensile test, a specimen is pulled until it breaks. The force needed to break indicates the material's strength. The test can be performed at ambient, liquid nitrogen (-320° F), and liquid helium (-452° F) temperatures.
HTMLText_F3EB400A_02C3_45CE_419B_60287CA5A56B_mobile.html = Machining Tools
Small machining tools are important for making precise parts for electronics projects. Powered hand tools, drill presses, and milling machines allow the detailed work required to shape or modify metal and plastic.
HTMLText_52D21521_EDE0_39E3_4198_3497EDFA9E90_mobile.html = MagLab Artwork
Bitter disks have been used for art pieces throughout the MagLab. The disks are the primary components used to build our powerful water-cooled electromagnets. You can learn more about them during the tour stop in the Magnet Factory.
HTMLText_D42787FA_340A_FFC0_4185_1336277B47CB_mobile.html = MagLab Van
The MagLab van is used by staff for lab-related transportation around Tallahassee and between our headquarters and other lab sites. It also promotes the lab everywhere it travels with its bright, bold coloring. The artwork represents a crystal structure studied at the MagLab known as a Van der Waals material. Because it’s a van, get it?
The plug-in hybrid vehicle was supported by a grant from the U.S. National Science Foundation.
HTMLText_695C9B12_E8CC_D9F6_41D4_85601D0F1E69_mobile.html = Magnet Cells
There are 16 magnet spaces in DC Field, called cells. The DC stands for direct current, which is pumped into the magnets to produce a steady magnetic field. Alternating current, or AC, coming from the power grid goes through rectifiers at the lab to convert the power to DC. Transformers also lower the voltage and increase the current.
HTMLText_522F7950_EDE0_29BB_41EC_D5D908396C5D_mobile.html = Magnet Coils
Magnet factory scientists and technicians build new magnets but also repair and replace worn out coils to keep the lab's fleet of world-record magnets in operation for researchers. Coils are routinely removed for maintenance and are retightened to increase longevity. They are also taken out and inspected if testing shows signs of possible damage. Damaged coils are replaced, then disassembled to determine the cause of damage.
HTMLText_1DC7B15F_01C6_DB0E_416D_BEF769566508_mobile.html = Magnet Cooling Water Pumps
The magnet cooling pumps are used to pump cold water, at 42° Fahrenheit, through magnets. They can pump at up to 500 PSI of water pressure. That’s about 8 times the water pressure in a typical home! That much pressure is needed to move up to 4,000 gallons of cold water per minute through our magnets.
HTMLText_53B54CC9_7FC3_C51F_4195_CC2484DFBADF_mobile.html = Magnet Football
This magnet can catch!
Watch what happens when we put metal inside a nerf football and throw it at the 45T.
HTMLText_734F5054_E8DC_4875_41E0_89D6322F6B1F_mobile.html = Magnet Housing and Plumbing
The magnet housing is a large, thick-walled vessel made of stainless steel that contains the magnet coils. Deionized water flows through the magnet housing at high pressure and velocity to extract the immense heat energy released from the magnet coils.
HTMLText_50456373_736D_75B4_41DA_0ED3BE395354_mobile.html = Magnet Magic
The lab was proud to host Derek Muller and Veritasium for a video about magnetism, the MagLab, and the 45T.
HTMLText_56FEF34C_03C3_7F72_4174_E3FFB216CD6E_mobile.html = Magnet Pit
The 32T is mounted in a concrete pit level to the floor, providing a more convenient position for installing equipment, loading probes, running experiments and transferring cryogens while minimizing stray magnetic fields.
HTMLText_5E7E17F8_EB7C_4866_41C2_C50D0E1B1094_mobile.html = Magnetic Field Display
Each magnet in the DC Field facility has a digital display showing the magnetic field strength in tesla in real time as the magnet is powered up.
HTMLText_06673B28_2C39_B48F_41A5_02B98CEE7D12_mobile.html = Magnetic Field Strength
At the MagLab, we talk about magnetic field strength using units called tesla.
The tesla is a measurement of magnetic flux density, or how much force the magnetic field has per unit area. You can think of it as how concentrated the magnetic field is.
The Earth’s magnetic field, which moves a compass needle, is just 50 millionths of a tesla (0.00005 tesla).
A refrigerator magnet is about 0.02 tesla.
A junkyard magnet, capable of lifting a car, is about 1 tesla.
Most MRIs for medical imaging use a 1.5 or 3 tesla magnet.
At the MagLab, our magnets produce fields ranging from 3 tesla up to 45 tesla. At our Pulsed Field Facility at Los Alamos, magnets are capable of reaching 100 tesla for a fraction of a second.
HTMLText_FF3E08AE_E8DF_FB8D_41D0_489E3BEC336D_mobile.html = Main Winder
This is the main winder that winds superconducting tape into a “pancake” shape. It takes tapes from up to four spools and winds them in a controlled fashion. The spools may contain different materials such as REBCO, pure copper, or stainless steel, depending on the coil requirements.
HTMLText_3EA1BBA8_0241_2F33_4172_0E5D5D36B8A8_mobile.html = Mega-Mo Liquid Helium Storage Dewar
Mega-Mo is the nickname for this dewar, a specialized giant vacuum flask. The dewar can hold about 790 gallons of liquid helium. The liquid is transferred from Mega-Mo into smaller, portable vacuum flasks. MagLab scientists and visiting researchers will use the liquid helium from the portable dewars to cool their experiments.
HTMLText_E2A2A1E0_02C2_C9C5_416A_1FDA55FCE520_mobile.html = Microwave Bridge
The microwave bridge initiates the generation of the microwaves and controls characteristics including frequency, power, phase, pulse length and shape.
HTMLText_07FA82B7_01C3_C514_419D_84B0089CD450_mobile.html = Milling Machine
A manual milling machine is usually operated by hand to perform milling, drilling, fly cutting, shaping, and forming metal and other materials.
HTMLText_82DB26AE_03C1_C883_4184_F63213EAE820_mobile.html = Operator Console
Situated strategically beyond the fringe magnetic field, the workstations control image and data acquisition as well as generating magnetic resonance images and spectra. Some computers control the radio frequency pulses used to probe the sample, managing timing and coordination. Others process raw data signals into detailed images or magnetic resonance spectra.
HTMLText_2C00D6AA_EB54_48EC_41EB_36C244793E0B_mobile.html = Optical Table
Scientists learn more about the intrinsic properties of materials by shining light on them. Looking at which kinds of light are absorbed or reflected at different angles gives researchers insight into the fundamental electronic structure of matter. This kind of research, over decades, has led to smaller and faster computers, and other quality-of-life enhancements.
HTMLText_D2D35E72_0241_5BC6_4184_1F9617C3A4A4_mobile.html = Overhauser DNP magnet
This 14-tesla liquid dynamic nuclear polarization spectrometer has applications in chemistry, biochemistry, and medicine.
HTMLText_31FD2E01_08CB_7A78_4173_36CF3D8E867D_mobile.html = Particle Tracking Velocimetry
This facility focuses on enhancing the efficiency and performance of particle accelerators by detecting tiny defects using superfluid helium, lasers, and high-speed cameras.
HTMLText_D750B92D_E9F5_D812_41D8_A8E0C8A121BD_mobile.html = Payoff
The payoff holds the wire that is to be wound into a coil and provides what’s called back tension in the winding process. This helps assure tightness and consistency of the wire being wound onto the coil.
HTMLText_08180A10_0E4E_C4FA_4169_5114164376E8_mobile.html = Physical Property Measurement System
This system measures physical properties, including electric resistivity, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and magnetization. These measurements are performed from liquid helium temperatures (-452° F) to elevated temperatures (200° F).
HTMLText_82D586BD_03C1_C881_414F_7D23BCAA1FEC_mobile.html = Pit
The 21.1-Tesla magnet is 16 feet tall. To ensure the MRI probes are perfectly centered with the magnetic field, these probes are built to be 6 to 6.5 feet long.
Fitting these tall probes into a magnet with a bore diameter of just four inches is challenging. A pit below the magnet allows for the proper loading of the probes, setting up for experiments on live animals.
HTMLText_7DC5302A_03C7_C799_4180_0C00864C7B55_mobile.html = Platform
From above the magnet, scientists can lower their probe with a sample and instrumentation into the small opening at the center of the magnet. The bore, as it’s called, is just a tiny space. In this case, it’s only about one and a half inches across.
HTMLText_7DCB4027_03C7_C797_417D_3C3AD1B84542_mobile.html = Plumbing
The pipes visible on the bottom of the magnet carry high-pressure, high flow cooling water to and from the resistive part of the magnet. The structure on the bottom of the magnet where they attach is called the hydrant.
HTMLText_4FF26EDB_02C1_6915_417F_0DF54620FEFC_mobile.html = Probe/Sample Prep Area
Since it was first commissioned in 1999, the 45T has been used by thousands of researchers to study samples by placing them in a magnetic field a million times stronger than the Earth’s. Novel materials can be characterized and analyzed in the highest continuous magnetic field available. The materials studied here could become components for better batteries, smaller, faster computer components, and other next generation electronics.
HTMLText_734DD057_E8DC_4873_41D1_07A2A0BEB8A0_mobile.html = Probe
Even though our magnets are quite large, the space available for samples is small and difficult to reach. A probe is used to place a sample in the center of the magnet where the field is strongest and most uniform. Scientists use different types of probes depending on the type of sample they are studying, how they are studying the sample, and the data they want to collect.
HTMLText_5078D7EF_0241_270D_416F_172F840956F2_mobile.html = Probes
Even though our magnets are quite large, the space available for samples is small and difficult to reach. A probe is used to place a sample in the center of the magnet where the field is strongest and most uniform. A probe is typically used in conjunction with a cryostat - a device used to maintain a very precise, low temperature. Probes can also be used to rotate the sample.
HTMLText_30A27623_0241_5935_4150_6CC0952418E4_mobile.html = Purifier
Helium is recovered at locations around the lab and travels through a network of plumbing to helium bags and then on to the purifier. The purifier does just what its name implies. It purifies the helium by removing any nitrogen, oxygen, water, or other contaminants from the recovered gas. The cleaned-up gas is then sent to the compression stage.
HTMLText_D2D3FE74_0241_5BC2_416E_DB1B62A67611_mobile.html = Quasi-Optical Table
The quasi-optical table splits the microwave beam coming out of the gyrotron into two separate beams, one directed to the MAS DNP spectrometer and the other directed toward the Overhauser DNP system. This quasi-optical set-up allows total control of the microwave polarization and power of each of the beams reaching the samples for the two different DNP systems.
HTMLText_E2A271DC_02C2_C9FE_4187_8B39735ECB82_mobile.html = Quasi-Optical Tables
The quasi-optical tables are used to propagate the microwave beam from the source to the probe and from the probe to the detector.
HTMLText_56FD3352_03C3_7F16_4180_C75E0A8319AC_mobile.html = Quench Protection Equipment
A quench is when part of a superconducting magnet becomes resistive due to small anomalies in current within the superconductor. All the energy stored in the magnetic field begins converting to heat. When a magnet quenches, helium gas is released to dissipate energy and try to prevent damage. The 32T’s quench protection system monitors all the coils in the magnet thousands of times per second for minor fluctuations of voltage.
HTMLText_5786B529_0FB9_AE88_4162_726FB0DD0714_mobile.html = REBCO Coil Winding Machine
This machine is used to carefully wind superconducting tapes into some of the world’s strongest magnets, achieving fields approaching 50 tesla. This shop specializes in No-Insulation (NI) windings that allow for very compact, high-field coils. The winding machine is specialized for high temperature superconducting tape, equipped with proper tension control and conductor guidance to achieve good alignment of the tapes into pancake coils. Addition of co-winding materials to thermally and mechanically reinforce the pancake coils is also possible.
HTMLText_FF3468A7_E8DF_FBBB_41E4_AED854092627_mobile.html = REBCO Tape
REBCO, which stands for rare earth barium copper oxide, is a superconductor, meaning when kept extremely cold, it can carry electricity without resistance. REBCO is manufactured in a wire tape a tenth of a millimeter thick. The actual REBCO is just a tiny layer of 0.002 millimeters sandwiched in a high-strength nickel steel substrate, coated in silver and then plated in copper.
REBCO was used to make the world’s strongest all-superconducting magnet. MagLab scientists are now designing and testing an even stronger magnet using the same material. REBCO is what’s known as a high-temperature superconductor. High temperature superconductors retain their ability to carry electricity without resistance at -300°F. That’s still super cold, but much warmer than the more commonly used low temperature superconductors of niobium titanium and niobium tin, which must be cooled below -450°F.
HTMLText_FF3A28BA_E8DF_FB95_41CE_5FEC09BE3A6A_mobile.html = Respooler
The re-spooler is used to parse out tapes from the storage spools. Technicians place the necessary amount of tape onto spools, then put the spools onto a winding machine to make the coils.
HTMLText_3C85655E_0849_6E88_41A0_30E50CD90CC2_mobile.html = Sample Chamber
The sample chamber of the Transmission Electron Microscope is in the middle of the microscope, allowing electrons to pass through the ultra-thin sample, where they are detected to create an image.
HTMLText_3F4874A2_0879_EFB8_4194_BC25FB37EEAD_mobile.html = Sample Chamber
The sample chamber is located at the base of the column. Inside the sample chamber sits the sample stage and electron detectors.
HTMLText_3C882555_0849_6E98_419B_4AF79FF97E3A_mobile.html = Sample Prep Area
Obtaining meaningful and useful data takes a lot of time. Sample preparation can take 5-10 hours.
HTMLText_715586A6_EB34_48F9_41C4_1F2BF1970F01_mobile.html = Sample
The sample is placed at the end of the probe so it can be lowered into the center of the magnet where the field strength is highest. The 41.4-tesla all-resistive magnet is easier for scientists to use than a hybrid magnet and gives them more flexibility to adjust the field strength and direction during experiments. It's used to study materials that may one day help build smaller and faster computer chips, empower quantum computers, and become high-temperature superconductors.
HTMLText_9B8051FF_02C1_48A6_4186_8167B3ACF5C3_mobile.html = Samples
The magnet offers the highest resolution and best mass accuracy of any mass spectrometer in the world. This allows detailed analyses of highly complex mixtures, including crude oil, biofuels, pharmaceuticals, and emerging contaminants. It can detect molecular structures that were previously undetectable.
HTMLText_7DC7902D_03C7_C79B_417B_D09B068E1773_mobile.html = Samples/Probe
The Series Connected Hybrid magnet is not just unique because of the way it’s powered. It also has capabilities across two disciplines. At 36 tesla, it’s one of the most powerful magnets used for condensed matter physics, studying novel materials, and is the most powerful magnet in the world for solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, allowing chemists and biologists to study molecular structures such as proteins.
HTMLText_52289955_EDE0_29A5_41D8_56F27821497F_mobile.html = Sand Room
In this room, bitter disks are sanded to remove surface material to expose the copper and/or silver. The disks are then inspected for any defects.
HTMLText_47B4F3E8_ED20_3869_41E1_E3404ABEAEAF_mobile.html =
HTMLText_20667EEB_01C2_E936_4150_1D22D10AF5A0_mobile.html = Secondary Chilled Water Pumps
The secondary chilled water pumps move water through the heat exchangers to remove thermal energy.
There are two secondary chilled water loops, one for each heat exchanger.
There are four pumps per loop and each pump is capable of pumping 4,500 gallons per minute for a total of 18,000 gallons per minute per loop.
HTMLText_FF3CA8B4_E8DF_FB9D_41D6_C87B1F69B852_mobile.html = Secondary Winder
A secondary coil winder that also winds coils into pancake shapes.
HTMLText_F3E71000_02C3_45BA_4183_FF702C984500_mobile.html = Solder/Assembly Station
The solder/assembly station is an important part of electronics development and fabrication of circuit boards. It is a specialized workstation set up to facilitate soldering electronic components such as resistors, capacitors, and diodes onto circuit boards.
HTMLText_8CC6704A_0242_C7FE_4172_2FFB5384D9B9_mobile.html = Solid State NMR probe
What makes our NMR/MRI program unique is our ability to develop our own probes that excel in research. Our user program is enriched by the development of our own technology, making us a leader in the field.
HTMLText_5C29E9DD_0849_7989_4182_E87FA8424249_mobile.html = Spool
Spools of high strength and high conductivity copper wire are ready to be reduced in diameter for coil winding.
HTMLText_3BBB5C2F_ED60_2F8D_41C3_6C63AD469485_mobile.html = Staging Area
This is a staging area to send sheets of square copper for stamping into bitter disks. This process can take up to a year. The disks are then sanded and plated with silver.
HTMLText_4C1C6F31_02CF_6712_4173_C449525601C0_mobile.html = Stairs to platform
The 45T is so large, it takes two flights of stairs to get to the platform on top where users control the magnet, insert their sample, and run their experiment.
HTMLText_53BB7A3A_08C9_5A8B_4192_AFC047C4F82C_mobile.html = Strain Test Facility
Electromagnets producing powerful magnetic fields generate extremely powerful force known as Lorentz force, which can damage superconducting wires. In this magnet, strains are applied to superconducting wires under a magnetic field and the impact on their properties is measured.
HTMLText_344B1D27_08D8_BEB9_417D_360041757190_mobile.html = Sudden Catastrophic Vacuum Break Research Facility
At extremely cold temperatures, gases like nitrogen, oxygen, and helium transform into liquids. These cryogenic liquids play a vital role in a wide array of scientific applications, from MRIs and superconducting magnets to spacecraft propulsion and quantum computing.
This facility is designed to investigate systems undergoing a sudden vacuum loss. Understanding the intricacies of a vacuum break is key in the design of various scientific systems and equipment.
HTMLText_507A07F9_0241_2715_4172_055CAAA85896_mobile.html = Superconducting Magnets
The MilliKelvin Lab gets its name because it measures samples at extremely low temperatures, known as milliKelvins, or a thousandth of a Kelvin. The coldest temperature reached is approximately 0.010 Kelvin, or -459° Fahrenheit, using a dilution refrigerator. That’s colder than outer space!
At higher temperatures, molecules, atoms, and subatomic particles move around in high-energy states. As you cool to very low temperatures, this thermal motion slows, allowing researchers to see effects they can’t observe at higher temperatures.
MilliKelvin’s three superconducting magnets, made from materials that carry electricity with zero resistance, have much lower power requirements than resistive electromagnets – a few kilowatts vs tens of megawatts. To put it in perspective, it’s the difference between powering 6 microwave ovens versus 15,000 entire homes.
HTMLText_08180A13_0E4E_C4FE_417A_1EC3AFA65697_mobile.html = Superconductor Critical Current Testing System
The system consists of a 15-tesla superconducting magnet, a high electrical current source, and a digital data acquisition system. It measures the critical current of superconducting wires at liquid helium temperature (-452° F) in a magnetic field up to 15T.
HTMLText_34493D29_08D8_BE89_419F_67A44C2EEDC0_mobile.html = Superfluid Helium Droplet Levitation Facility
Primary research areas in the Cryogenics Laboratory include fundamental studies of the superfluid phase of liquid helium and levitated helium droplets.
Here we can levitate a droplet of liquid helium within a microgravity environment, where it transitions into a superfluid state. Superfluids, which flow with virtually no viscosity, have the potential to enhance liquid fuels for space propulsion.
HTMLText_53659A2D_085B_BA89_4150_C0E83A90B020_mobile.html = Swaging Machine
This swaging machine, sometimes called a hammer press, is used to shape the end of a wire so that it will fit through a reduction die for wire drawing.
HTMLText_2C0F36A7_EB54_48E4_41DF_D0A070A7A16D_mobile.html = The 25-tesla Split-Helix Magnet
The 25 tesla magnet was designed with four wide ports evenly spaced around the perimeter. This allows access to the sample for optical experiments that would otherwise be impossible. The 25T is the most powerful magnet of this kind in the world.
HTMLText_56F5D343_03C3_7F76_4181_B962D1C15DFC_mobile.html = The 32-tesla Superconducting Magnet
An award-winning one-of-a-kind magnet, the 32T combines two separate magnets: a 15-tesla low temperature superconductor outer magnet, provided by our partner Oxford Instruments, made of niobium-tin and niobium-titanium; and a 17-tesla high temperature superconductor inner magnet made of yttrium-barium-copper-oxide (YBCO). If you unwound the coils of YBCO in this magnet, the tape would stretch more than six miles.
HTMLText_4FEC0EDF_02C1_690D_4170_76D7B07B6E72_mobile.html = The 45-tesla Hybrid Magnet
One of only a handful of hybrid magnets in the world, this mighty magnet’s superconducting coil alone contains enough copper wiring for 80 average homes. That’s enough to stretch for more than four miles.
HTMLText_5366BAB2_7FBC_CD0D_41A7_EA8215101D2B_mobile.html = The 45-tesla Hybrid Magnet
The big gray barrel located about 15 feet off the ground houses the 45T magnet coils. On the inside is a resistive magnet made of bitter disks and cooled with high pressure water flowing at 4,000 gallons per minute.
Wrapped around it is a superconducting magnet cooled with liquid helium to -456° Fahrenheit.
HTMLText_E2A6D1D9_02C2_C9C6_4190_30D947DABB09_mobile.html = The HiPER Magnet
The HiPER magnet is a 9-tesla high-performance electron resonance magnet used to search for free electrons in a material.
HTMLText_3F4CB4A8_0879_EF88_419B_8AD4E0AE9090_mobile.html = The Image
The electron source is at the top of the microscope and fires a beam of electrons at the object under examination. As the beam hits the sample, electrons scatter from the sample surface. Detectors collect these scattered electrons, converting them into a signal and the signal into an image.
HTMLText_D7CF321B_341A_B042_41B6_6158C7529B95_mobile.html = The Lab’s Dedication
In October 1994, dignitaries gathered on the front lawn to formally dedicate the MagLab.
The event featured keynote speaker Vice President Al Gore, Florida Governor Lawton Chiles, and leaders from Florida State University, the University of Florida, and Los Alamos National Laboratory. Following the dedication, the lab held its first Open House, beginning a tradition that has carried on for more than 30 years.
HTMLText_6131B4B2_E5E0_1B0A_41E9_6E5A257B282C_mobile.html = The Lab’s Founder
Florida State University physics professor the late Jack Crow is honored with a bust in our atrium for his role as the MagLab’s visionary founder and first director. In 1989, Crow proposed a new national magnet lab in Florida, challenging MIT, home to the Francis Bitter National Magnet Laboratory. The National Science Foundation awarded the National MagLab to Florida State University in August 1990. The lab was officially dedicated in 1994 by Vice President Al Gore.
HTMLText_3FFDFCB7_1934_24C2_41A1_C7A8E40F0B26_mobile.html = U.S. Capitol American Flag
Flown over the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 4, 2018, this American flag was sent to the MagLab by the U.S. Department of Commerce after the lab hosted the department for the Americas Competitiveness Exchange on Innovation and Entrepreneurship.
HTMLText_82DF06A9_03C1_C881_4161_2C2F6A90EADD_mobile.html = Ultra-wide bore 900 MHz NMR Magnet
The large cryostat houses the superconducting coils, which generate an ultra-high magnetic field when cooled to –452 °F using approximately 634 gallons of liquid helium. This low temperature allows the magnet’s superconducting wire to carry electrical current without resistance and without an external energy source. If you uncoiled all the wire, it would stretch 95 miles, about the distance from Tallahassee to Panama City.
The magnet has been serving the scientific community since 2005 for experiments on stroke, heart disease, migraines, dementia, and much more.
HTMLText_5E70C7F6_EB7C_486A_41B2_A37FC7C032EA_mobile.html = Upper Platform
The upper platform allows scientists to be above the top of the magnet and cryostat. Here, they are better able to insert the probe into the bore and access instrumentation at the end of the probe. A chair allows them to sit on the platform if they need to insert the probe slowly or work on the instrumentation connections. The chair is wooden to ensure it is not affected by the high magnetic field.
HTMLText_654C0FBF_E934_5828_41C2_7430E1489C08_mobile.html = VPI Chamber
Coils are saturated with epoxy under vacuum using the Vacuum Pressure Impregnation (VPI) chamber. Epoxy is introduced into the windings of a coil under vacuum and then cured at elevated temperature and pressure to create a strong insulation system.
HTMLText_07FA82B1_01C3_C52C_4198_995C9918732B_mobile.html = Vertical Machining Centers
These are Computer Numerical Control, or CNC, machines. They use a series of preparatory commands from a computer to perform tasks without manual input. The commands are written in code and can be generated by the operator, computer-aided design (CAD) software, or computer-aided manufacturing software.
HTMLText_5C10D7D2_0848_A99B_4195_49720EFB1956_mobile.html = Very Large Test Superconducting Magnet
This magnet has a large enough space in its bore to test high-current multi-tape conductors that are needed for applications such as atomic fusion reactors known as tokamaks. The magnet is buried under the floor so that there is more headroom for instrumentation in the laboratory.
HTMLText_4CBE2175_EB3C_4859_41EB_EC7C51D7F4F3_mobile.html = Vibration Isolation Table
Many magnets in the DC Field facility have a vibration isolation table to isolate the cryostat from the vibrations produced by the flowing magnet cooling water and the outside environment. This helps scientists collect cleaner data during their experiments.
HTMLText_20B5BD99_0241_6B15_417C_F79D7D3A53EA_mobile.html = Water Tanks
A pair of four-story water tanks behind the MagLab hold between them 4.3 million gallons of water — the equivalent of about six and a half Olympic-size swimming pools, or enough to take 250,000 showers. That’s a shower a day for the next 684 years! The water is kept at a chilly 42° Fahrenheit.
HTMLText_2191685B_01C1_2915_417F_5ED0D15DDE14_mobile.html = Water Treatment System
The water treatment system is used to make ultra-high-purity de-ionized water to cool the magnets, power supplies and magnet power cables. Contrary to popular belief, water does not conduct electricity. The impurities in water act as conductors. The water treatment system uses two 40 cubic foot mixed resin beds to remove all the impurities so the magnet cooling water does not conduct electricity and can be used in direct contact with high power electricity to keep the magnets from overheating.
HTMLText_5076E7EC_0241_2733_414C_1DA23726BB8C_mobile.html = Window Screens
The windows in MilliKelvin may remind you of a screened-in porch. They’re covered with a fine copper mesh. This mesh, combined with the metal walls, creates a Faraday Cage – a covering that blocks radio waves from outside the lab which can cause noise during sensitive experiments.
HTMLText_07FA82B9_01C3_C51C_4186_80AAE4F7027D_mobile.html = Wire EDM Machine
The Electrical Discharge Machine (EDM) carries out a metal fabrication process known as Spark Machining. A metal piece is shaped using electrical discharges (sparks). Material is removed from the work piece by a series of rapid discharges between two electrodes. Extremely hard materials like carbides, ceramics, titanium alloys, and heat-treated steels can be precisely machined by an EDM.
HTMLText_F3E51005_02C3_45BA_4171_7399013FC694_mobile.html = Wire, Cable, and Parts Supplies
The Electronics Shop keeps an inventory of wires and cables, an important part of electrical and electronics work, which transmit signals, power, and data between various devices and components.
HTMLText_E2A051E3_02C2_C9CB_416C_66672C428310_mobile.html = Witches’ Hats
The black cones known as “witches' hats” absorb unwanted microwaves, echoes that would otherwise blur the signal of interest. This enables very high sensitivity, so scientists can run experiments on a material even if they have a very small amount. This capability is very important in structural biology.
HTMLText_3073E1B2_1974_1CC2_41A8_ED407D324801_mobile.html = Wooden Chair
The simple wooden chairs at the top of our magnet platforms don’t seem to belong with all of our high-tech equipment. But these chairs are basic for a reason. They contain no magnetic materials so they won’t be pulled toward the magnet. And they offer researchers a place to sit as they may spend hours on the platform carefully loading their sample into the center of the magnet.
HTMLText_76764F96_4FDF_568B_41C6_96B5DD92F82F.html = An armadillo made of bitter disks is among many pieces of bitter disk artwork found throughout the MagLab.
HTMLText_76764F96_4FDF_568B_41C6_96B5DD92F82F_mobile.html = An armadillo made of bitter disks is among many pieces of bitter disk artwork found throughout the MagLab.
### Tooltip
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IconButton_690A3CB9_CB3E_4245_41E1_99440A588D24_mobile.toolTip = Facility Overview
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IconButton_6ECBD13E_CB3F_C2BF_41E6_9ECF7C4B59AC_mobile.toolTip = VR
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## Tour
### Cookies Policy
CookiesPolicy_5268B985_238C_231C_41B8_5AA4BEA53745.url = https://nationalmaglab.org/about-the-maglab/organization/internet-privacy-policy/
### Description
tour.description = Explore the world’s largest magnet laboratory, from its world-record magnets and instrumentation to the incredible infrastructure that powers it all.
### Title
tour.name = MagLab Interactive Virtual Tour
## VR Menu
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